PROFIL HORMON ESTRADIOL 17- ß DAN PROGESTERON FESES DAN SERUM DARAH SELAMA FOLLICULOGENESIS PADA SAPI BALI DARA

drh. Claude Mona Airin, MP, Dr. drh. Prabowo Purwono Putro, M. Phil.

2014 | Disertasi | S3 Sain Veteriner

Sapi Bali (Bos sondaicus, Bos javanicus, Bos banteng, Bibos banteng) merupakan plasma nutfah nasional Indonesia. Sapi Bali mempunyai sifat sangat adaptif, mempunyai keunggulan kuantitatif dan kualitatif, lebih fertil dibanding jenis sapi yang lain dan masih bersifat liar meskipun sudah di domestikasi. Penelitian tentang profil hormon reproduksi khususnya estrogen dan progesteron pada sapi Bali masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil estradiol 17- ß dan progesteron secara invasif dan noninvasif selama proses folliculogenesis pada sapi Bali yang dikembangkan secara in farm sehingga dapat menentukan siklus estrus. Penelitian ini menggunakan 10 ekor sapi Bali yang berada di KP4 UGM, berumur 2 tahun, belum pernah beranak dan sehat. Koleksi feses dan darah dilakukan selama 2 siklus estrus. Pengambilan sampel darah, feses dan pemeriksaaan ultrasonografi ovarium dilakukan setiap hari. Hari pertama pengambilaan sampel saat sapi Bali menunjukkan gejala estrus. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa berdasarkan pemeriksaan USG dan pengamatan tingkah laku birahi dan pengamatan perubahan genital eksterna didapatkan 7 dari 10 ekor sapi Bali dara yang dikandangkan di farm mempunyai siklus normal, rata-rata panjang siklus 18.57 ± 1.01 hari dengan 2 gelombang folikel. Level estradiol yang tertinggi dihasilkan pada folikel dominan pada gelombang folikel ke 2 dalam satu siklus estrus yaitu 70.95 ± 1.35 pg/ml. Korpus luteum sapi Bali mulai terdeteksi pada hari ke 3 setelah tanda-tanda estrus muncul dan diameter tertinggi 15.31 ± 1.8 pada hari ke 13.21 ± 1.21 hari dengan kadar progesteron 7,2 ± 1.07 ng/ml. Kadar puncak hormon estradiol dan progesteron dalam feses akan mengalami pergeseran hari. Kadar estradiol dalam feses akan mencapai puncak pada saat sapi Bali ovulasi dengan kadar 17,69 ± 1,77 ng/g feses kering, sedangkan rata-rata kadar progesteron feses puncak 230,09 ± 42,13 ng/g feses kering pada hari ke 14,3 ± 1,38 dengan diameter 13,00 ± 1,24 mm. Analisis korelasi menunjukan adanya korelasi positif antara perkembangan folikel dengan kadar estradiol darah, progesteron feses dengan diameter korpus luteum. Berdasarkan data diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa penentuan siklus estrus sapi Bali yang dikandang secara in farm dapat dilakukan secara invasif dan non-invasif. Kata Kunci: sapi Bali, folliculogenesis, estradiol 17-ß, progesteron, metode noninvasif atau invasif

Bali cattle (Bos sondaicus, Bos javanicus, Bos banteng, Bibos banteng) was national indigenous cattle of Indonesia. It has very adaptive characteristic, quantitatively and qualitatively superior, more fertile compared with other cattle breeds and still live a little bit wild although already domesticated. The aims of the research were to know the profile of reproduction hormone especially estrogen and progesterone in Bali cattle that was still very limited. The present research would be find out profile of estradiol 17-ß and progesterone invasively and non-invasively during folliculogenesis in Bali cattle which kept in a closed farm, so that it can determine of estrous cycles. This research used 10 heads of Bali cattle heifers located in the Agriculture Research and Education Farm of Gadjah Mada University (KP4 UGM), 2 years old and healthy. Feces and blood sample collections were conducted for 2 estrous cycles. Blood and feces sampling and examination of ultrasonography ovarium were conducted eve ry day. First day, sampling was done when Bali cattle showed estrus symptoms. Results of the present research showed that 7 out of 10 heads of Bali cattle kept in the farm had normal estrous cycles, with length of the cycles were 18,57 ± 1,02 days with 2 follicular waves. The highest estradiol level was produced by dominant follicle in the second follicular wave in one estrous cycles was 70.95 ± 1.35 pg/ml. Corpus luteum of Bali cattle began to be detected on the third day after estrus signs appeared. The highest diameter was 15.33 ± 1.81 mm on day 13.00 ± 1.01 with progesterone level of 7.2 ± 1.01 ng/ml. The peak level of estradiol and progesterone hormones in feces would be delayed. The peak of estradiol level in feces would reach in ovulation phase with the level of 17.69 ± 1.77 ng/g dry feces, while average peak level of feces progesterone was 230.09 ± 42.13 ng/g dry feces on day 14.3 + 1.38 with diameter of 12.61 + 2.73 mm. There were significant correlations between follicular development and estradiol blood levels, progesterone levels and corpus luteum diameters, also progesterone feces levels and corpus luteum diameters. Based on the above data, it can be concluded that the determination of estrous cycles of Bali cattle kept in the farm can be conducted either using invasive or non- invasive methods. Keywords: Bali cattle, folliculogenesis, estradiol 17-ß, progesterone, non- invasive or invasive methods

Kata Kunci : sapi Bali, folliculogenesis, estradiol 17-ß, progesteron, metode noninvasif atau invasif