PENGARUH PROGRAM RENCANA KONSERVASI TANAH DESA (RKTD) TERHADAP PENGHIDUPAN BERKELANJUTAN PETANI LAHAN KRITIS DI DESA JETIS LOR KECAMATAN NAWANGAN KABUPATEN PACITAN

Febriana Muryanto, Prof. Dr. M. Baiquni, MA.

2014 | Tesis | S2 MAGISTER MANAJEMEN BENCANA

Desa Jetis Lor memiliki lahan kritis sebanyak 215,82 ha atau 20,4% dari seluruh luas lahannya. Lahan kritis tersebut mempengaruhi penghidupan berkelanjutan masyarakat petani. Pengidupan berkelanjutan menjadi penting untuk dikaji karena 96,50 % masyarakat Desa Jetis Lor menggantungkan penghidupannya kepada pertanian dan kehutanan. Penelitian ini menggabungkan antara metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 100 responden dari 925 populasi yang diambil dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling berdasarkan kriteria tertentu. Metode analisis menggunakan dua cara, untuk implementasi program dilakukan metode deskripif kualitatif berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan informan kunci, sedangkan untuk pengaruh antar variabel digunakan analisis dengan menggunakan regresi sederhana dengan program SPSS 17. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Program RKTD dilakukan dengan teknik Partisipatory Action Research, dimana masyarakat sebagai subjek dan peneliti. Program dimulai dari sosialisasi dan identifkasi masalah secara musyawarah dan pembentukan Kelompok Petani Konservasi (KPK). Kegiatan KPK berupa sekolah lapangan mengenai cara pengelolaan lahan dan pembibitan, proses pencarian solusi, dan konservasi dengan metode vegetatif yaitu pertanian sistim lorong, tanaman penutup lahan dan penanaman pohon serta metode mekanik yakni terasering dan saluran irigasi. Hasil uji statistik menunjukan terdapat pengaruh antara RKTD dengan penghidupan, koefisien variabel RKTD sebesar 1,444 artinya jika variabel RKTD mengalami kenaikan maka variabel penghidupan akan mengalami peningkatan sebesar 1,444. Nilai R sebesar 0,781 menunjukkan korelasi yang kuat antara RKTD dengan penghidupan Terdapat pengaruh pula antara variabel RKTD dengan variabel penghidupan berkelanjutan. Koefisien regresi variabel RKTD sebesar 0,859 artinya jika variabel RKTD mengalami kenaikan, maka variabel penghidupan berkelanjutan akan mengalami kenaikan sebesar 0,859. Nilai R sebesar 0,575 menunjukkan korelasi yang sedang antara RKTD dengan penghidupan bekelanjutan.

Jetis Lor village has a total of 215.82 ha of degraded land or 20.4% of the total area of the land. That degraded land affected the sustainable livelihood of the farmers. The sustainable livelihood of the farmers was important to be investigated because 96.50% of Jetis Lor inhabitants depended on the agriculture and silviculture aspects. This research combines between quantitative and qualitative methods. The research sample were 100 respondents of the total number of 925 population who were obtained by using purposive sampling technique based on the certain criteria. The methods of the research were used in the two ways. The method of program implementation conducted by using qualitative descriptive method based on the interview with the informants while the influence between variables conducted by using regression analysis which used the SPSS 17. The results of the research indicated that the implementation of the RKTD program was conducted by using Participatory Action Research, which the subjects and the researcher were the community of Jetis Lor. The implementation of the program began from the socialization and identification of the problems by discussing and establishing the Farmers Conservation Group (KPK). The activities of KPK were studying about the management of the land and breeding, finding a solution, and conservation by using vegetative methods that were crop alley, land cover and planting the crops and trees and by using the mechanical method that were terracing and irrigation canal. Statistical test results revealed that there was an influence between RKTD and the farmers’ livelihood, RKTD variable coefficient was 1.444 means that if the variable of RKTD increased then the farmers’ livelihood variable would increase as 1,444. The R value of 0.781 indicated a strong correlation between the RKTD and the farmers’ livelihood. There was also the influence of RKTD and the sustainable farmers’ livelihood. The coefficient of RKTD variable regression was 0.859 means that if RKTD variable increased, the variable sustainable livelihood would increase as 0.859. The R value of 0.575 indicated that there was the medium correlation between RKTD and a sustainable farmers’ livelihood.

Kata Kunci : Lahan Kritis, Rencana Konservasi Tanah Desa, Penghidupan, Penghidupan Berkelanjutan