Konstruksi Framing Partai Demokrat di Program Talkshow Politik di Televisi Indonesia (Analisis Framing Tema-Tema Partai Demokrat dalam Program Talkshow Primetime News di Metro TV dan Apakabar Indonesia Malam di TV One)

abdul wahid, Dr. Phil. Hermin Indah Wahyuni; Drs. Widodo A. Setianto, M.Si.

2014 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Politik/Ilmu Komunikasi

Format live talkshow menjadikan media memiliki ruang terbatas untuk mengontrol bagaimana frame keluar sejalan dengan kepentingan media. Penelitian ini ingin mengungkapkan bagaimana praktik konstruksi frame media dan narasumber di program talkshow politik yang disiarkan secara langsung. Penelitian ini menggunakan program talkshow di Metro TV dan TV One sebagai objek kajian. Sedangkan isu Partai Demokrat ditempatkan sebagai tema yang dibicarakan. Untuk membongkar bagaimana praktik pertarungan frame di talkshow ini, peneliti menggunakan analisis framing sebagai metode. Pertarungan ini akan dilihat dalam dua level; dimensi teknis (narasi pertanyaan-jawaban, pemilihan narasumber, grafis & latar berita) dan subtantif (Penempatan masalah, penyebabalasan, judgement). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, pertarungan frame di program live talkshow bekerja pada level teknis dan subtantif. Media mengontrol secara penuh teknis pemilihan narasi, narasumber, grafis, serta latar berita. Sedangkan narasumber hanya memiliki kontrol terhadap pilihan jawaban dan grafis secara terbatas pada lower third dan pilihan narasi jawaban. Pada level subtantif, terjadi saling tarik menarik frame antara pembawa acara (media) dan narasumber. Metro TV dan TV One menggambarkan Partai Demokrat secara negatif. Frame kedua media itu sejalan dengan narasumber yang bersikap oposan (kontra) terhadap Partai Demokrat. Partai Demokrat digambarkan mengalami perpecahan internal, perlawanan kader, SBY yang gagal, melakukan praktik kompromi dan tawaran politik, dan sebagainya. Di sisi lain, narasumber yang bersikap membela (pro) Partai Demokrat cenderung memunculkan frame positif. Masalah di Partai Demokrat dilihat sebagai sesuatu yang wajar dalam proses politik di Indonesia.

Live talk show program make the media has limited control on how the output in line with the interests of the media. This research aims to reveals how the media and resource persons construction practices in live political talk show program. This study used a talk show program on Metro TV and TV One as an object of study. While the issue of Democratic Party was placed as the theme of talkshow. On how to disassemble the frame construction practices in the live talk show, the researcher uses framing analysis as a method. The frame construction practices will be seen in two levels; technical dimension (narrative-answer questions, the selection of speakers, graphics and news background) and substantive (Placement problem, the cause-reason, judgment). The results of this study show, the media-resource persons frame construction in the live talk show program works on the level of technical and substantive. Media control fully in the selection of technical narrative, speakers, graphics, and news background. While the speakers only has control over the narrative answers and the graphics which are limited to the lower third and narrative choice answers. At the substantive level, this construction occurs attract each frame between the host (media) and speakers. Metro TV and TV One describes the Democratic Party negatively. Both the frames are in line with the media resource persons act in opposition (counter) to the Democratic Party. Democrats portrayed suffered to internal dissension, resistance cadres, SBY government failed, compromise and bid practice politics, and so on. On the other hand, resource persons who act to defend (pro) Democrats tend to bring a positive frame. Issues in the Democratic Party is seen as something natural in the political process in Indonesia. Although Live talk show spawned the frame construction practices openly, the media control over space and time allows the flexibility to control the frame to produce the output in line with the interests of the media. The media space and time control is a key to shift, cut, and control the types of questions to pursue resource answers. While speakers can only be clarified when given the time by the media. However, Metro TV and TV One has a degree of control these aspects of space and time differently. Metro TV strictly control the use of space and time in talk shows, while TV One tends to be more lax. Thus, the practice of construction frame in a live talk show program is actually not far different from the form of conventional journalism. Although there is room to fight openly by the media and each speaker, the media still has a great power to direct the frame through full support in technical and substantive level.

Kata Kunci : Talkshow, Framing, Metro TV, TV One, Partai Demokrat, Bias Media.