PRODUKTIVITAS SAPI POTONG PENGGEMUKAN YANG DIPELIHARA PETERNAK PROGRAM SARJANA MEMBANGUNDESA (SMD) DI KABUPATEN BANTUL DAN SLEMAN

SITI MUYASAROH, Prof. Ir. I. Gede Suparta Budisatria, M.Sc., Ph.D.

2014 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui produktivitas sapi potong yang dipelihara oleh peternak program Sarjana Membangun Desa (SMD). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan September sampai November 2010. Lokasi penelitian di Kabupaten Bantul dan Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Materi penelitian adalah peternak dan sapi potong yang dipelihara oleh kelompok binaan Sarjana Membangun Desa (SMD) tahun 2009 pada kelompok Andini Mukti dan Mekar Barokah di Kabupaten Bantul dan kelompok Rukun Tani Santosa serta kelompok Tani Lembu Krendosari di Kabupaten Sleman. Metode penelitian adalah survei deskriptif dan analitis serta pengamatan langsung di lapangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah karakteristik responden, manajemen pemeliharaan ternak, kuantitas dan kualitas pakan, konsumsi pakan, konsumsi BK, PK dan TDN, konversi pakan, feed cost per gain, dan pertambahan bobot badan harian (PBBH), serta analisis ekonomi usaha penggemukan. Sustainabilitas usaha penggemukan dihitung dengan menggunakan sustainability method. Data karakteristik responden, produktivitas responden dan manajemen pemeliharaan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Data konsumsi pakan dan konversi pakan dianalisis menggunakan analisis variansi completely randomized design (CRD) pola searah, sedangkan untuk pertambahan bobot badan harian digunakan analisis kovariansi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi pakan, konsumsi BK, PK dan TDN, konversi pakan, feed cost per gain dan pertambahan bobot bahan harian (PBBH) sapi yang dipelihara kelompok SMD di Bantul berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dengan sapi yang dipelihara kelompok SMD di Sleman. Rerata PBBH, konversi pakan, feed cost per gain dan income over feed costsapi yang dipelihara peternak program SMD di kabupaten Bantul berturut-turut adalah 0,99 ± 0,09 kg/ekor/hari; 11,15 ± 1,36; Rp 15.193,47dan Rp.9.892,32 sedangkan di kabupaten Sleman berturut-turut adalah0.65 ± 0,09kg/ekor/hari;13,86 ± 2,03; Rp 9.615,67 dan Rp.10.094.44. Pendapatan peternak di kabupaten Bantul dan Sleman berturut-turut adalah Rp.1.425.735,57 dan Rp.566.500,00 Rp/UT/3 bulan. Usaha penggemukan sapi yang dilakukan oleh peternak belum berkontribusi positif terhadap sustainabilitas. Disimpulkan bahwa produktivitas sapi potong yang dipelihara kelompok SMD di kabupaten Bantul lebih baik dibandingkan kelompok SMD di kabupaten Sleman.

The research was conducted to identifity of beef cattle fattened by farmers at “Sarjana Membangun Desa” farmers group. Research was conducted for three months, starting from September to November 2010, located in Bantul and Sleman districts, Yogyakarta province. The materials of the research were consisted of farmers and their beef cattle. The farmer were the members of farmers group under “Sarjana Membangun Desa” scheme which established in 2009. Two farmers group were selected in Bantul district, namely Andini Mukti and Mekar Barokah, while in Sleman district two farmers group were Rukun tani santosa and Tani Lembu Kredosari farmers group. Descriptive and analytical surveys and direct measurement in the field were applied to gather data on farmers, characteristics, beef cattle management, feed quality and quantity, feed and nutrient intake (dry matter, crude protein, and total disgetible nutrients), feed conversion, feed cost per gain and average daily gain (ADG). Sustainability aspect of beef cattle was calculated using sustainability methods. Charactersitics of respondents and beef cattle management were analysed descriptively, while feed and nutrient intakes, feed conversion and feed cost per gaain were analysed using one way analysis of completely randomized design (CRD). Average daily gain was analysed using covariance analysis with intial bodyweight as covariates. The result showed that feed and nutrient intakes (DM, CP and TDN), feed conversion, feed cost per gain, average daily gain and economic benefit were significantly differs between beef cattle kept by farmers in Bantul and Sleman districts. The average of ADG, feed conversion, feed cost per gain and income over feed cost of beef cattle in Bantul district were 0.99 ± 0.09 kg/head/day; 11.15 ± 1.36;Rp 15,193.47 and Rp.9,892.32 respectively, while in Sleman district, it was 0.65 ± 0.09 kg/head/day; 13.86 ± 2.03; Rp 9,615.67and Rp. 10,094.44 respectively. Incomes of the farmers in Bantul and Sleman district were1,425,735.57and 566,500.00Rp/UT/Three month, respectively. Sustainability aspect indicated that beef cattle activity have not been positively contributed to the sustainable development. It was concluded that productivity of beef cattle kept by farmers in Bantul Districts was better than those of beef cattle in Sleman District.

Kata Kunci : Produktivitas, Sapi potong, Sarjana Membangun Desa (SMD)