ANALISIS PROFIL VARIASI TEGANGAN DAN KEANDALAN LISTRIK JARINGAN TEGANGAN RENDAH PLN SEMARANG SELATAN BERBASIS DATA-LOGGER

Agus Adiwismono, Dr.Eng. F. Danang Wijaya, S.T., M.T.; Ir. Tiyono, M.T.

2014 | Tesis | S2 Mag.Sist.Energi Elektrik

Pengukuran kualitas dan perhitungan keandalan listrik sampai saat ini masih diperoleh dari data yang kurang akurat, yaitu melakukan pengukuran secara manual. Diperlukan alat data-logger yang dapat merekam nilai tegangan (indikator kualitas listrik), dan merekam lama-waktu-padam dan berapa-kali-padam (indikator keandalan sistem) secara realtime, sehingga diperoleh data yang akurat, dan peningkatan mutu dan pelayanan listrik dapat lebih efektif dan efisien. Berbasis data logger,maka analisis profil variasi tegangan dapat langsung diketahui yaitu dalam bentuk gambar gelombang (profil) variasi tegangan, demikian pula analisis SAIDI dan SAIFI dapat langsung dilakukan. Hasil penelitian pada jaringan tegangan rendah (JTR) penyulang SRL01, variasi tegangan yang terjadi adalah: di pangkal penyulang Vmaksimum (Vmaks)= 220 volt, Vminimum (Vmin)= 199 volt, dan di tengah penyulang Vmaks= 221 volt, Vmin=206 volt, dan di ujung penyulang Vmaks= 221 volt, Vmin = 200 volt; dibandingkan terhadap standar maka variasi tegangan yang terjadi sesuai standar; sedangkan pada JTR penyulang KLS08, variasi tegangan yang terjadi di pangkal penyulang sebesar Vmin=224 volt, Vmin= 191 volt, ditengah penyulang Vmaks =251volt,Vmin=212volt,dan di ujung penyulang Vmaks=219volt, Vmin=203volt, dibandingkan terhadap standar, maka pada pangkal & tengah JTR penyulang KLS08 terjadi teganganVmaks dan Vmin yang tidak sesuai standar (standar variasi tegangan Vmaks =230 volt dan Vmin = 197 volt). Dari perhitungan, angka lama padam (SAIDI) di sisi JTR penyulang SRL01 sebesar 0,85 jam/ pelanggan/bulan, belum memenuhi standar dan angka kali padam (SAIFI) 1,05 kali/pelanggan/bulan, sudah memenuhi standar; sedangkan SAIDI di sisi JTR penyulang KLS08 adalah 1,7 jam/pelanggan/bulan, belum memenuhi standar, dan SAIFI2,31 kali/pelanggan/bulan, belum memenuhi standar (standar SAIDI=0,5 jam/pelanggan/bulan, standar SAIFI= 2,26 kali/pelanggan/bulan).

Manual measurement applied to the measurement of electricity quality and reliability has resulted in less accurate data. Data logger which records voltage value (quality indicator) and records the realtime duration and frequency of blackouts (reliability indicator) is needed to achieve accurate data, and improve the quality and services effectively and efficiently. By using the data logger the analysis of varied voltage profiles can directly be collected in the form of voltage wave (profiles), and therefore the analysis of SAIDI and SAIFI can be implemented. Research conducted on the low voltage feeder SRL01 showed the following voltage variation : in the upstream of the feeder Vmaximim (Vmax) = 220Volt, and Vminimum(Vmin) = 199Volt, in the middle of the feeder Vmax = 221Volt, Vmin = 206Volt, and in the downstream of the feeder Vmax = 221Volt, Vmin = 220Volt; when compared with the voltage variating standard,the achieved results met the standard; meanwhile, the achieved measurement in feeder KLS08, in the upstream of the feeder Vmax = 224Volt, Vmin = 191Volt, in the middle of the feeder Vmax = 251Volt, Vmin = 212Volt, and in the downstream of the feeder Vmax = 219Volt, Vmin = 203Volt; when compared with the voltage variating standard, the achieved results in the upstream and middle of the feeder did not meet the standard(the standard voltage variation was Vmax = 230Volt and Vmin = 197Volt). Based on the measurement the duration of blackouts (SAIDI) in feeder SRL01 was 0.85 hour/customer/month, did not meet the standard, and the frequency of blackouts (SAIFI) was 1.05 times/customer/month, met the standard; meanwhile SAIDI in feeder KLS08 was 1.7 hour/customer/month, did not meet the standard, and SAIFI was 2.31 times/customer/month, did not meet the standard; the standard SAIDI and SAIFI was 0.5 hour/customer/month and 2.26 times/customer/month respectively.

Kata Kunci : kualitas, keandalan, data-logger.