STUDI KOMPARASI KESIAPSIAGAAN SEKOLAH SIAGA BENCANA DI KABUPATEN SLEMAN

ZELA SEPTIKASARI, Dr. Dyah R Hisbaron, M.Sc.

2014 | Tesis | S2 MAGISTER MANAJEMEN BENCANA

Kabupaten Sleman sampai sekarang sudah memiliki 14 SSB, 9 SSB berada di KRB III, 1 SSB di KRB II, dan 4 SSB di KRB I. Sebanyak 4 SSB dibentuk oleh BPBD DIY bekerjasama dengan LSM Lingkar dan 10 SSB oleh LSM KAPALA. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kesiapsiagaan SSB pada berbagai Kawasan Rawan Bencana serta untuk menemukenali inovasi yang dilakukan selama pelaksanaan SSB. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif menggunakan indepth interview, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Indepth interview dilakukan kepada Kepala Sekolah, Guru, dan Siswa di SSB menggunakan framework indikator kesiapsiagaan SSB yang dibuat oleh Konsorsium Pendidikan Bencana Indonesia (KPBI). Framework ini terdiri dari indikator sikap dan tindakan, kebijakan sekolah, perencanaan kesiapsiagaan, dan mobilisasi sumberdaya. Observasi dilakukan untuk mengamati kegiatan pembelajaran integrasi dengan materi kebencanaan, serta dokumentasi dilakukan untuk mengumpulkan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan KRB III memiliki 6 SSB dengan kriteria siap dan 3 SSB dengan kriteria belum siap, KRB II memiliki 1 SSB dengan kriteria belum siap, sedangkan KRB I memiliki 1 SSB dengan kriteria siap dan 3 SSB dengan kriteria belum siap. Perbedaan kesiapsiagaan SSB dipengaruhi oleh keaktifan komunitas sekolah, kelengkapan sarana dan prasarana pendukung kegiatan kebencaaan, kelengkapan dokumen kebencanaan, kerjasama yang dilakukan dengan berbagai pihak, dan inovasi dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan SSB. Inovasi dalam SSB meliputi inovasi dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan pembelajaran integrasi dengan materi kebencanaan, sistem peringatan dini, alat peringatan dini, dan kerjasama dengan berbagai pihak mengenai kegiatan kebencanaan. Kata Kunci: kesiapsiagaan, SSB, inovasi, kawasan rawan bencana, erupsi gunung merapi

Until now, there are 14 school based disaster preparedness (SSB) registered in Sleman; nine SSB built in disaster prone area III (KRB III), one SSB in KRB II, and four SSB in KRB I. Of those mentioned, four SSB were established by the Regional Disaster Management Agency DIY (BPBD DIY) in cooperation with NGO Lingkar, while the remaining 10 SSB were built by NGO Kapala. This research aimed to determine the preparedness level of these schools on various places in some dangerous areas in mount Merapi and investigate the innovation that has been implemented during the activities of school based disaster preparedness program. This research employed qualitative methods by using in-depth interview, observation, and documentation. In-depth interview was conducted to collect the information from the headmasters, teachers, and students at SSB by using indicator framework for school-based disaster preparedness program initiated by Indonesian Consortium for Disaster Education (KPBI). The framework consists of several indicators; attitudes and action, school policy, preparedness plan, and resources mobilization. Then, observation was conducted to observe learning activity integrated with disaster learning material, while documentation was carried out to collect secondary data. The result of the research showed that KRB III has 6 SSB listed as “ prepared status” and 3 SSB as “ unprepared status”, while KRB II only has 1 SSB with the “unprepared status”. Meantime, KRB I has 1 SSB with the “prepared status” and 3 SSB with the “unprepared status”. The difference of preparedness level at school was influenced by the school liveliness, infrastructure to support disaster preparedness, and the completeness of disaster documentation. Partnership that has been built with the other organization and innovation on SSB program has delivered some influence as well. The innovation on SSB consists of integrated learning on disaster earning material, early warning system, early warning devices, and partnership with all disaster related organizations. Key words: preparedness, SSB, innovation, disaster prone area, merapi volcano eruption

Kata Kunci : kesiapsiagaan, SSB, inovasi, kawasan rawan bencana, erupsi gunung merapi