TINJAUAN YURIDIS TENTANG PEMECAHAN TANAH PERTANIAN BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 56 PRP TAHUN 1960 DI KABUPATEN BANTUL

Atmaji Apriliyanto,SH., Prof. Dr. Sudjito, S.H., M.Si.

2014 | Tesis | S2 Magister Kenotariatan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) benar tidaknya pemecahan tanah pertanian melalui jual beli tanpa proses pengeringan (dari tanah pertanian menjadi pekarangan) di wilayah Kabupaten Bantul dapat dilakukan, (2) alasan masyarakat melakukan pemecahan tanahpertanian melalui jual beli tanpa melalui proses pengeringan di wilayah Kabupaten Bantul, dan (3) implikasi yuridis pemecahan tanah pertanian melalui jual beli tanpa ijin pengeringan dahulu dan sanksi hukumnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum empiris dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis didukung penelitian normatif. Jenis data dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer berasal dari penelitian lapangan, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari studi kepustakaan. Teknik pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dengan nara sumber dan responden. Data penelitian selanjutnya dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pemecahan tanah pertanian melalui jual beli tanpa proses pengeringan (dari tanah pertanian menjadi pekarangan) telah biasa dilakukan masyarakat di wilayah Kabupaten Bantul meskipun pemecahan tanah pertanian tersebut bertentangan dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 56 PRP Tahun 1960 tentang penetapan luas tanah pertanian. Terjadinya pemecahan tanah pertanian ini didasarkan pada kebijakan pemerintah daerah yang tidak tertulis seperti pertimbangan: gempa bumi, keprihatinan pada perekonomian masyarakat, dan merujuk pada kebiasaan masyarakat selama ini. Pemecahan tanah pertanian dilakukan melalui proses jual beli tanpa proses pengeringan (dari tanah pertanian menjadi pekarangan). Proses jual beli tanah pertanian tersebut dilakukan: (1) adanya kesepakatan penjual dan pembeli tanah, (2) melengkapi persyaratan sebagai penjual yakni foto copy KTP suami isteri, C-1, foto copy SPPT terakhir, dan sertifikat asli untuk pengajuan balik nama dan jual sebagian, dan pembeli yakni foto copy KTP suami isteri, memiliki modal sawah dekat objek jual beli dan berasal dari wilayah yang sama, (3) memilih PPAT yang dapat dilakukan oleh penjual, atau pembeli, atau dilakukan bersama, (4) mengajukan pemecahan tanah petanian ke BPN Bantul yang mencakup memasukkan berkas, ijin dari BPN, dan proses jual beli. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan terdapat sejumlah alasan untuk melakukan jual beli tanah pertanian tanpa melalui proses pengeringan terlebih dahulu yakni: (1) kebutuhan yang mendesak seperti biaya pendidikan, biaya pengobatan, (2) faktor lokasi objek jual beli tanah pertanian yang berada di tengah, (3) prosesnya tidak berbelit-belit, dan (4) biaya yang lebih ringan. Adapun sanksi hukum yang diberlakukan pemerintah daerah terhadap pelanggaran dalam proses jual beli tanah pertanian sebagian selama ini belum ada.

This study aimed to determine: (1) whether or not solving through the sale and purchase of agricultural land without the drying process (from farmland into the yard) in the district of Bantul can be done, (2) the reason people do tanahpertanian solving through buying and selling without going through the drying process in Bantul region, and (3) solving juridical implications through the sale and purchase of agricultural land without permission first drying and legal sanctions. This research is an empirical legal research using the sociological approach of juridical normative research support. Type of data in this study are primary data and secondary data. Primary data from field research, while the secondary data obtained from literature study. Techniques of data retrieval is done by way of interviews with resource persons and respondents. Further research data analyzed by descriptive qualitative methods. The results of this study indicate breaking through the sale and purchase of agricultural land without the drying process (from farmland into the yard) have common people in the district of Bantul though solving agricultural land is contrary to the Law PRP No. 56 of 1960 on the establishment of vast farmland. Solving the agricultural land is based on local policy considerations that are not written like: earthquake, concerns on the economy, society, and refer to the habits of the people over the years. Solving the agricultural land is done through the process of buying and selling without a drying process (from farmland into the yard). The process of buying and selling of agricultural land was done: (1) the agreement of the seller and buyer of land, (2) complete the requirements as a seller that is a copy of ID card spouses, C-1, a copy of recent tax returns, and the original certificate for submission behind the name and sell part, and the buyer a copy of ID card that is husband and wife, have a capital purchase paddy field near the object and come from the same area, (3) choose PPAT can be done by the seller or buyer, or conducted jointly, (4) propose solving agricultural land to BPN in Bantul, which includes entering the file, permission from the BPN, and the process of buying and selling. The results show there are a number of reasons for buying and selling of agricultural land without going through the first drying process namely: (1) urgent needs such as education expenses, medical expenses, (2) factor of the location of the sale and purchase of agricultural land in the middle, (3) process is not straightforward, and (4) the cost of the lighter. As for the legal sanctions imposed for violations of local governments in the process of buying and selling of agricultural land has not been included in part.

Kata Kunci : Pertanian, Jual Beli, Pengeringan, Bantul