KAJIAN SEBARAN IKLIM MIKRO DAN PERSEPSI WISATAWAN TERHADAP KENYAMANAN LINGKUNGAN OBJEK WISATA GOA (Kasus: Wisata Alam Goa Pindul, Desa Bejiharjo, Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta)

surya cipta ramadhn, Prof. Dr. Sudarmadji, M.Eng.Sc.

2014 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Lingkungan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji sebaran dan pola perubahan iklim mikro akibat respon wisatawan, mengkaji kenyamanan lingkungan dan daya tampung lorong goa, serta persepsi wisatawan terhadap kenyamanan lingkungan di Wisata Alam Goa Pindul. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey dengan pendekatan analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Populasi penelitian meliputi iklim mikro dan wisatawan. Penentuan sampel iklim mikro ditentukan berdasarkan bentuk lorong goa dan keterdapatan pengunjung, sedangkan sampel wisatawan ditentukan dengan cara accidental sampling yaitu sebanyak 76 orang. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa rerata sebaran iklim mikro bervariasi dari zona I hingga IV. Suhu udara terendah terjadi pada pukul 06:00-08:00 dan tertinggi pukul 12:00-14:00. Respon wisatawan terhadap pola perubahan iklim mikro menunjukan semakin tinggi wisatawan yang berkunjung semakin tinggi pengaruhnya terhadap iklim mikro. Evaluasi indeks kenyamanan menunjukan bahwa secara alamiah lorong wisata tergolong dalam klasifikasi agak tidak nyaman dengan nilai Discomfort Indeks diatas 270C. Daya tampung lorong goa sebesar 4.033 jiwa. Persepsi wisatawan terhadap kenyamanan lingkungan objek wisata terdiri dari aspek bio-fisik dan sosial termasuk dalam kategori kurang nyaman (51,3%) dan nyaman (48,7%). Hasil analisis uji Chi Square menunjukan bahwa nilai probabilitas di bawah 0,05 maka terdapat hubungan antara waktu kunjungan, usia dan jenis pekerjaan wisatawan terhadap kenyamanan lingkungan objek wisata goa.

The aims of this research are to investigate the distribution and dynamic pattern of micro climate against tourism response, to investigate environmental comfortability and carrying capacity of cave path as well as tourism perception against the comfortability level of environmental in nature tourism of Pindul cave. The method of this research was survey method with qualitative and quantitative analitical approach. The population are consisted of micro climate and tourists. The determination of micro climate was determined based on the characteristic of cave path and existence of tourist, as well as total tourists were determined by accidental sampling with 76 respondent. The result of the research showing the distribution mean of micro climate are variation from first zone to fourth zone. The lowest temperature occurs at 06.00-08.00 a.m and the highest temperature is at 12.00 a.m to 02.00 p.m. tourism response to micro climate change shows the highly tourists visting, the highly influence to the micro climate. The evaluation of discomfort index clarified all path of cave tourism included as strong indisposition sensation with Discomfort index was higher than 27oC. The physical carrying capacity of cave is 4.033 people. The perception of tourism against the environmental comfortability consisted of the biological-physical and society aspects environmental are classified as slight discomfort sensation about 51,3% and comfort about 48,7%. The analysis of Chi Square test shows probabilty value under 0,05, than there are relation between visiting time, age, and the occupation of tourist against the environmental comfortability.

Kata Kunci : Wisata alam, goa pindul, iklim mikro, persepsi, kenyamanan lingkungan