VARIASI SEBAB KEMATIAN PADA KASUS FORENSIK YANG PERIKSA DI INSTALASI KEDOKTERAN FORENSIK RSUP Dr. SARDJITO YOGYAKARTA TAHUN 2010-2013

GEMAL AHMAD NATSIR, dr. Wikan Basworo, Sp.F ; Dra. Suhartini, Apt.,SU

2014 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER

Latar Belakang: Pada saat ini, banyak terjadi pelanggaran dan kejahatan yang mengakibatkan korban mengalami luka, bahkan sampai meninggal yang menjadi perkara pidana. Otopsi atau pemeriksaan post mortem, berfungsi sebagai prosedur medik untuk menentukan penyebab, lama kematian, atau mengevaluasi proses penyakit, dan trauma yang terjadi terhadap korban. Diharapkan semua otopsi forensik dapat mengungkapkan sebab kematian korban, yang dilaporkan dalam Visum et Repertum. Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui variasi sebab kematian pada kasus forensik yang diperiksa di Instalasi Kedokteran Forensik RSUP Sardjito Yogyakarta tahun 2010-2013. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian menggunakan rancangan penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Data mengenai penyebab kematian dikumpulkan, disusun, dan dianalisis dalam bentuk tabel. Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian variasi sebab kematian yang diperiksa di Instalasi Kedokteran Forensik RSUP Dr. Sardjito didapatkan korban meninggal yang diotopi dengan jumlah 399 korban dapat disimpulkan bahwa: Jumlah korban meninggal yang diperiksa berdasarkan jenis kelamin adalah laki-laki memiliki prevalensi sebesar 70.93% dan perempuan sebesar 29.07%. Berdasarkan rentang umur, usia 18-26 tahun adalah usia paling tinggi prevalensinya yakni 29.82%. Berdasarkan jenis pekerjaan karyawan swasta paling tinggi prevalensinya yakni sebesar 46.37%. Kasus kecelakaan lalu lintas merupakan kasus paling banyak terjadi sebesar 59.65%. Korban meninggal dilakukan pemeriksaan luar paling banyak yakni 78.45%. Trauma mekanik pada organ vital merupakan sebab kematian terbanyak yakni sebesar 49.62%, asfiksia mekanik merupakan asfiksia paling sering terjadi pada korban meninggal yakni sebesar 74.16%. Kata Kunci: Variasi sebab kematian, proporsi sebab kematian, pemeriksaan post mortem, otopsi forensik

Background: Nowadays, there are many violations and crimes that cause injuries and even death, which becomes a criminal case, on the victims. Autopsy or postmortem examination, functions as a medical procedure to determine the cause and time of death or to evaluate the disease process and the trauma that occurs to the victim. It is expected that all forensic autopsy can reveal the victim’s cause of death which is reported in Visum et Repertum. Objectives: To reveal the variation of the cause of death in forensic cases which are examined in Forensic Medicine Installation RSUP Sardjito Yogyakarta in 2010-2013 Research Method: This research used a descriptive observational study with cross sectional design. Data on causes of death were collected, compiled, and analyzed in the tabular form. Result: Based on the result of the research on the variation of the cause of death examined at the Forensic Medicine installation RSUP Dr. Sardjito, in which the number of dead victim examined are amounted to 399 victims, it can be concluded that: The number of the dead victim which is autopsied based on sex is that male has a prevalence of 70.93% and female has that of 29.07%. Based on the age range, the age of 18-26 years is the age of the highest prevalence, i.e. 29.82%. Based on the occupation, the highest prevalence are on the private employees which are amounted to 46.37%. Traffic accidents are the most common cases by 59.65%. Dead victims, it is carried out the outside-body examination highest prevalence amounted to 78.45%. Mechanical trauma in vital organ is the most common cause of death which is amounted to 49.62%, mechanical asphyxia is the most common asphyxia in death victims, which is 74.16%. Keywords: Variation of the cause of death, the proportion of the cause of death, post mortem examination, forensic autopsy

Kata Kunci : Variasi sebab kematian, proporsi sebab kematian, pemeriksaan post mortem, otopsi forensik