KAJIAN PENGURANGAN RESIKO BENCANA BERBASIS PENGEMBANGAN INSTITUSI DAN PERAN SERTA MASYARAKAT

Ovi Anton Nugroho, Prof. Ir. Djoko Legono, Ph.D.

2014 | Tesis | S2 Mag.Pengl.Bencana Alam

Dengan semakin meningkatnya frekuensi bencana alam selama satu dekade terakhir ini, diberbagai wilayah di Indonesia baik ditingkat desa, kabupaten, maupun propinsi berusaha untuk menekan resiko ataupun dampak negatif akibat adanya bencana tersebut. Pengurangan resiko akibat dampak bencana alam dalam konsep ISDM ini lebih menitikberatkan pada konsep keterpaduan (integrated) antara Pemerintah Pusat, Pemerintah Daerah, Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat dan aspek keterlibatan masyarakat dikawasan Gunung Merapi. Berbagai institusi pemerintah maupun non-pemerintah tumbuh sangat subur dengan berbagai aktivitas yang pada umumnya ditujukan untuk memberdayakan masyarakat diwilayah Gunung Merapi. Kehadiran berbagai institusi tersebut belum terasa optimal karena masih banyak yang tumpang tindih dan belum sepenuhnya memberikan manfaat kepada masyarakat. Pemilihan dan pengembangan daerah model, berdasarkan kawasan yang dianggap rawan terhadap bencana alam khususnya dikawasan Gunung Merapi dilakukan dengan konsep keterpaduan (integrated). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa analisis deskriptif dan studi pustaka. Analisis deskriptif didasarkan pada hasil identifikasi lapangan, observasi dan wawancara. Studi pustaka dilakukan terhadap program-program yang ada dari pelaksanaan Konsep ISDM di daerah model. Dari data-data tersebut dianalisis berdasarkan konsep PRA (Participatory Rural Appraisal) sebagai suatu pendekatan untuk mendorong masyarakat dalam memahami kondisi lingkungannya, merencanakan dan mengambil keputusan sendiri. Hasil yang diharapkan dapat menghasilkan kajian yang komprehensif dengan Konsep ISDM untuk mewujudkan suatu keterpaduan semua stakeholder dalam upaya penguranganan resiko bencana alam dengan cara non-fisik sebagai pilar utamanya sekaligus memberikan masukan pada pihak terkait agar dapat saling mengisi, saling menyesuaikan, saling berbagi pengalaman sehingga masyarakat dapat menerima manfaatnya. Kata Kunci : Konsep ISDM, PRA (Participatory Rural Appraisal)

As the increasing of the frequencies of disaster in the recent decade, many region levels in Indonesia from the villages, districts, and provinces made some efforts to reduce the negative risks or effects of the disasters. The risks reduction efforts of the disasters effects in this ISDM concept focused on the integrated concept between the Central Government, Local Governments, Non- Governmental Organizations, and the involvement of the community in Mount Merapi region. Many Governmental and Non-Governmental Institutions had developed well with its varied activities which are generally designed for empowering the community in Mount Merapi region. The availability of those institutions was not optimal yet as there are many institutions were overlapping each other and not beneficial for the community. The selection and development of the modeled regions were according to the regions which are considered as the disaster-prone areas, especially for Mount Merapi region which was selected by implementing the integrated concept. The method used in the research was descriptive analysis and literature study. The descriptive analysis was according to the field identification results, observations, and interviews. The literature study was implemented to the programs of ISDM concept implementation in the modelled regions. The data were analyzed based on PRA (Participatory Rural Appraisal) concept as an approach to encourage the community to understand their environment condition, and plan and decide their own decisions. The results expected to produce some comprehensive studies using the ISDM concept to realize the stakeholders integration in the efforts on reducing disasters risks through non-physical efforts as the main pillars gives some suggestions to the related parties in order to complement, adapt, and shares the experiences, so that the community can get its beneficial. Keywords: ISDM Concept, PRA ((Participatory Rural Appraisal)

Kata Kunci : Konsep ISDM, PRA (Participatory Rural Appraisal), ISDM Concept, PRA ((Participatory Rural Appraisal)