POTENSI TANAMAN HASIL REKLAMASI TERIIADAP SERAPAN KARBON DI PT. KALTIM PRIMA COAL PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR

Martina, Dr. Ir. Ris Hadi Purwanto, M. Ag. Sc.

2014 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kehutanan

Pelepasan emisi karbon yang terjadi akibat aktivitas penambangan batrfuara tidak dapat terhindarkan. Satah satu cara yang paling efektif datam pemrnrnan emisi gas CO2 yaitu dengan memanfaatkan sifat alami pohon sebagai penyerap CO2. Keberadaan vegetasi pada lahan bekas tambang sebagai penyerap emisi akan membantu menyerap kelebihan COz di atmosfer. Dengan demikian, perlu diketahui jumlah karbon yang dapat dipindahkan dari atmosfer dan jumlah karbon yang disimpan dalam organ tanaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) Menguantifikasi simpanan karbon tanaman hasil reklamasi; (2) Mengetahui besarnya emisi gas CO2 yang dihasilkan dari aktivitas operasional penambangan hatubarq dan (3) Menguantifrkasi besamya kemampuan tanaman hasil reklamasi dalam mengurangi emisi gas CO2. Penelitian dilaksanakan di PT. Kaltim Prima Coal, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Pengumpular data dilakukan deng,an pengukuran diameter dan tinggi pohon, pengambilan sampel tumbuhan bawah, serasah, dan tanah. Besarnya emisi gas CO2 ]ang dihasilkan akibat aktivitas penambangan batubara diperoleh dari data sekunder. Metode yang digunakan untuk estimasi biomassa pohon adalah metode non destruktif (tanpa penebangan pohon), yaitu dengan pendekatan data volume pohon, wood density dar. Biomass Expansion Factor (BEn, sedangkan estimasi biomassa tumbuhan bawah dan serasah diperoleh dari berat keringnya. Hasil estimasi biomassa dan simpanan karbon digunakan untuk mengetahui potensi serapan CO2. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan total simpanan karbon tanaman hasil reklamasi di PT. Kaltim Prima Coal berkisar antara 12,38 sampai dengan 74,10 ton/lra, sedangkan untuk hutan sekunder (natural) sebesar 122,52 ton/tra. Emisi gas CO2 yang dihasilkan dari konsumsi bahan bakar untuk aktivitas operasional penambangan batubara PT. Kaltim Prima Coal sebesar 2,8 juta ton COzelttrn. Keberadaan vegetasi di areal reklamasi PT. Kaltim Prima Coal dapat mengurangi emisi gas CO2 dari konsumsi bahan bakar sebesar 5,4Yo dengan potensi serapan sebesar I 52.3 52,7 0 ton/thn. Kata kunci: Tanaman hasil reklamasi, serapan karbon, penambangan bafubara, emisi gas COz

Carbon emissions release resulting from coal mining activities is a noticeable case which cannot be avoided. The most effective way in reducing CO2 emissions is by utilizing the natural properties of trees as COz sequestration. Vegetation on mined lands as absorbent emissions will also absorb the excess of COz in the atmosphere. As a matter of a fact, the information on the amount of carbon that can be removed from the atmosphere and the amount of carbon stored in the plant organs is required. The purpose of this study are (l) to quantify the carbon storage of reclamation plants; (2) to determine the amount of COz emissions generated from coal mining activities; and (3) to quantiS the amount of the reclamation plants ability to reduce COz emissions. The study is conducted at PT. Kaltim Prima Coal, East Kalimantan. Data collection is conducted by measuring the diameter and height of trees and collecting the undergrowth, litter, and soil as the samples. The arnount of COz emissions as the result of coal mining activities is derived from the secondary data. The method used to estimate tree biomass is non-destructive method (without logging), w'hich is the approach of the tree volumg wood density and Biomass Expansion Factor (BEF) data. The estimation of the undergrowth and liuer biomass is obtained from its dry weight. The results of biomass and carbon storage estimation are used to determine the potential of COz sequestration. The study indicates carbon storage as the result of reclamation plants at PT. Kaltim Prima Coal ranging from 12.38 to 74.10 tons/tra, while secondary forests (natural) of 122.52 tons/ha. COz emissions produced by fuel consumption for coal mining activities of PT. Kaltim Prima Coal is 2.8 million tons CO2elyear. The presence of vegetation in the reclamation area PT. Kaltim Prima Coal is able to reduce COz emissions produced by fuel consumption by 5.4% with the potential sequestration of I 52,3 52.7 0 tonslyear. Keywords: Reclamation plants, carbon sequestration, coal mining, COz emissions

Kata Kunci : Tanaman hasil reklamasi, serapan karbon, penambangan bafubara, emisi gas COz, Reclamation plants, carbon sequestration, coal mining, COz emissions