PENGARUH EKSTRAK PROPOLIS Trigona Sp DENGAN BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Streptococcus alpha ISOLAT PLAK GIGI ANAK (KAJIAN IN VITRO)

HERI ISWANTO, Drg. Sri Kuswandari, M.S., SpKGA (K), Ph.D.

2014 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Gigi Anak

Bakteri Streptococcus alpha merupakan bakteri paling dominan dan berperan penting pada awal pembentukan plak gigi. Pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus alpha dapat dihambat dengan antibakteri bahan alam yang mengandung flavonoid seperti ekstrak propolis Trigona sp. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak propolis Trigona sp dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus alpha isolat plak gigi anak. Penelitian in vitro dilakukan pada ekstrak propolis Trigona sp konsentrasi 4%, 6%, 8% dan 10% yang diperoleh dari hasil maserasi sarang lebah Trigona Sp dari Ambarawa-Jawa Tengah dengan etanol 70%. Isolat bakteri Streptococcus alpha diperoleh dari plak gigi pasien anak di klinik kedokteran gigi anak RSGM Prof Soedomo. Zona hambatan pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus alpha diamati dengan metode difusi. Replikasi 3 kali tiap konsentrasi. Data dianalisis dengan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan Man-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan rata-rata zona hambat pertumbuhan Streptococcus alpha yang bermakna (p<0,05) antara ekstrak propolis Trigona sp konsentrasi 4%, 6%, 8% dan 10%. Pada peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak propolis Trigona sp tiap 2% terjadi peningkatan zona hambat antara 0,38-0,57 mm. Terdapat perbedaan ratarata zona hambat bermakna antar tiap konsentrasi ekstrak propolis Trigona sp (p ≤ 0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa pada konsentrasi 4% - 10% ekstrak propolis Trigona Sp terjadi peningkatan rata-rata zona hambat pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus alpha isolat plak gigi anak. Kata kunci : Ekstrak propolis Trigona Sp, bakteri Streptococcus alpha, plak gigi anak, zona hambatan pertumbuhan

The Streptococcus alpha bacteria is the most dominant bacteria and plays an important role in the early formation of dental plaque. Streptococcus alpha bacteria growth can be inhibited by natural antibacterial ingredients such as Trigona sp propolis extract containing flavonoids. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Trigona sp propolis extract in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus alpha bacteria isolated from dental plaque of children. In vitro studies conducted on Trigona sp propolis extract concentration of 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% obtaine from the maceration of honeycomb Ambarawa- Trigona Sp of Central Java with 70% ethanol. Streptococcus alpha bacteria isolates obtained from dental plaque of pediatric patients in pediatric dentistry clinic of Prof Soedomo dental hospital. Streptococcus alpha bacteria growth inhibition zone was observed with diffusion method. Replication of three times for each concentration. Data were analized with the Kruskal-Wallis and Man-Witney test. The results showed there were significant differences in the average growth inhibition zone of Streptococcus alpha (p <0.05)between Trigona sp propolis extract concentration of 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%. By increasing the concentration of Trigona sp propolis extract occurs every 2% increase in inhibition zone between 0.38 to 0.57 mm. There are significant differences in the average inhibition zone between each concentration of Trigona sp propolis extract (p ≤ 0.05). It was concluded that the concentration of 4% to 10% Trigona Sp propolis extact increased the average inhibition zone of Streptococcus alpha bacteria growth of children’s dental plaque. Keywords : Trigona Sp propolis extract, Streptococcus alpha bacteria, dental plaque of children, growth inhibition zone

Kata Kunci : Ekstrak propolis Trigona Sp, bakteri Streptococcus alpha, plak gigi anak, zona hambatan pertumbuhan