FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS NANO-HERBAL ANTI-HIPERKOLESTEROL DARI KOMBINASI EKSTRAK TEMULAWAK (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) DAN SAMBUNG NYAWA (Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr.) MENGGUNAKAN MYRITOL 318 SEBAGAI FASE MINYAK

Indri Meirista, Dr.rer.nat. Ronny Martien, M.Si

2014 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Farmasi

Ekstrak temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) dan sambung nyawa (Gynura procumbens) dengan rasio 75:25 secara signifikan menurunkan kadar kolesterol pada tikus hiperkolesterolemia. Kedua ekstrak memiliki kelarutan yang berbeda dan bioavailabilitas rendah. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, ekstrak temulawak dan sambung nyawa diformulasikan dalam bentuk self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) menggunakan minyak myritol 318 dengan berbagai surfaktan dan ko-surfaktan. Formulasi yang homogen dievaluasi extracts loading, emulsification time, ukuran, distribusi ukuran, dan potensial zeta tetesan nanoemulsi, serta uji aktivitas anti-hiperkolesterol terhadap tikus hiperkolesterolemia menggunakan ekstrak konvensional, SNEDDS, simvastatin, kontrol negatif, dan kelompok normal. Masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari tiga ekor tikus wistar jantan yang dipilih secara acak. Kadar kolesterol total darah diperiksa pada hari ke-0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 67, 75 dan dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formula SNEDDS optimal yakni tween 80:tween 20:propilen glikol:myritol 318 (45:15:20:20, %) memiliki extracts loading hingga 50 mg/mL dengan emulsification time sekitar 43,23 detik, rerata ukuran tetesan yakni 17,13 nm dan potensial zeta yakni 40,40 ± 5,44 mV dalam akuades, serta stabil dalam media dengan pH berbeda. Studi in vivo menunjukkan bahwa penurunan kadar kolesterol SNEDDS optimum (62,35%) dibandingkan dengan simvastatin (64,57%) tidak berbeda nyata (p>0,05), namun berbeda nyata (p<0,05) dengan ekstrak konvensional (45,33%) dan kontrol negatif (46,03%). Kesimpulannya, SNEDDS ekstrak temulawak dan sambung nyawa menggunakan myritol 318 dapat diusulkan sebagai alternatif baru anti-hiperkolesterol.

Extracts of java turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) and sambung nyawa (Gynura procumbens) with 75:25 ratio was significantly decrease cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemia rats. Both extracts possess different solubility and low bioavailability. To overcome this problems, java turmeric and sambung nyawa extracts were formulated into self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) using myritol oil with various surfactants and co-surfactants. The homogenous formulations were evaluated for extracts loading, emulsification time, size, distribution size, and zeta potential of droplet nanoemulsion, and investigated its anti-hypercholesterol activity towards hypercholesterolemia rats using unmodified extracts, SNEDDS, simvastatin, negative control, and normal groups. Each group were consisted of three randomly selected male wistar rats. Blood cholesterol levels were checked at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 67, 75 days and analyzed using ANOVA. The results showed that the optimum SNEDDS formula was consisted of tween 80:tween 20:propylene glycol:myritol 318 (45:15:20:20, %) had extracts loading up to 50 mg/mL with emulsification time around 43.23 seconds, average of droplet size was 17.13 nm and zeta potential was 40.40 ± 5.44 mV in aquadest, and stable in different pH media. In vivo studies showed that lowering of cholesterol levels of optimum SNEDDS (62.35%) compared to simvastatin (64.57%) were not significantly different (p>0.05), but its significantly different (p<0.05) to unmodified extracts (45.33%) and negative control (46.03%) groups. In conclusion, java turmeric and sambung nyawa extracts SNEDDS using myritol 318 can be proposed as a new alternative of anti-hypercholesterol

Kata Kunci : Nano-herbal anti-hiperkolesterol; Self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS); Curcuma xanthorrhiza; Gynura procumbens; Myritol 318