PENGARUH 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)- chroman-4-on BIJI Swietenia macrophylla King TERHADAP KADAR GLUKOSA DAN Low Density Lipoprotein DARAH PADA Rattus norvegicus YANG DIINDUKSI STREPTOZOTOCIN DAN NICOTINAMIDE

AHMAD QUSYAIRI, Dra.Prasetyastuti,Apt,M.Kes; Dr.Sunarti,M.Kes; Prof.Dr.Mustofa,Apt,M.Kes

2014 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER

INTISARI Latar Belakang: Salah satu penyakit degeneratif yang menjadi perhatian saat ini adalah kencing manis atau sering juga dikenal sebagai Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Penderita DM memiliki risiko mengalami komplikasi mikrovaskular dan makrovaskular. Komplikasi tersebut berhubungan dengan kadar glukosa dan LDL darah. Sekitar 347 juta penduduk di seluruh dunia menderita DM. Prevalensi penderita DM di Indonesia juga mengalami peningkatan. Selain hiperglikemia, pada pasien DM sering dijumpai kelainan metabolisme lipid yang dikenal dengan dislipidemia. World Health Organization merekomendasikan penelitian tentang obat tradisional terkait dengan manajemen DM. Biji S. macrohylla King adalah salah satu bahan obat tradisional. Biji S. macrophylla King telah dilaporkan memiliki senyawa flavonoid (7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) chroman-4-on) yang memiliki kapasitas antioksidan tinggi. Tujuan : Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efek senyawa flavonoid 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl) chroman-4-on biji S. macrophylla King terhadap kadar glukosa dan LDL darah tikus yang diinduksi strepzotocin dan nicotinamide. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah quasi-eksperimen dengan pretest and postest control design. Subjek 36 ekor tikus jantan (Rattus norvegicus) dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol normal, kelompok kontrol negatif (DM), kelompok Glibenclamide, kelompok 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)- chroman-4-on dosis 10 mg/200 gramBB/hari, 20 mg/200 gramBB/hari dan 40 mg/200 gramBB/hari. Pengukuran glukosa dan LDL darah dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan selama 4 minggu. Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3- methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-on biji S. macrophylla King dosis 10mg/200 gramBB/hari, 20 mg/200 gramBB/hari dan 40 mg/200 gramBB/hari menurunkan secara signifikan kadar glukosa darah (p<0,05). Senyawa dengan dosis 10, 20, dan 40mg/200 gramBB/hari secara tidak signifikan menurunkan kadar LDL darah setelah perlakuan (p>0,05). Pemberian senyawa dengan dosis 40 mg/200 gramBB/hari memiliki efek menurunkan kadar glukosa darah lebih baik dibandingkan dosis 10 mg, 20 mg, dan glibenclamide. Pemberian senyawa dengan dosis 20 mg/200 gramBB/hari memiliki efek menurunkan kadar LDL darah lebih baik dibandingkan dosis 10 mg, 40 mg, dan glibenclamide. Kesimpulan: Senyawa 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) chroman-4-on biji S. macrophylla King memiliki efek menurunkan rata–rata kadar glukosa dan LDL darah tikus yang diinduksi streptozotocin dan nicotinamide. Kata Kunci: Flavonoid, 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) chroman-4-on, Swietenia macrophylla King, diabetes mellitus, glukosa, low density lipoprotein (LDL)

ABSTRACT Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the disease that became attention. DM patients have risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications. These complications are associated with high levels of blood glucose and LDL. Approximately 347 million people in the world have DM, in Indonesia DM prevalence’s increased too. Besides hyperglycemia, in DM patients often shown abnormality on lipid metabolism, known as dyslipidemia. World Health Organization recommend to research an alternative medicine related with DM. S. macrophylla King is one of substances for alternative medicine. Flavonoid of S. macrophylla’s seed is (7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) chroman-4-on) that has a high antioxidant capacity. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl) chroman-4-on S. macrophylla King seed on blood glucose and LDL levels in the rat induced by strepzotocin and nicotinamide. Methods: This research is quassi-experimental with pre-test and post-test control design. Thirty six male laboratory mice (Rattus norvegicus) used as subjects. They were divided into six groups; normal control, DM negative control, Glibenclamide control, 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)- chroman-4-on with 10mg/200 grBW/day, 20mg/200 grBW/day, and 40mg/200 grBW/day groups. Measurements of blood glucose and LDL was done before and after treatment 4 weeks. Results: This study showed that 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3- methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-on in 10mg/200 grBW/day, 20mg/200 grBW/day, and 40mg/200 grBW/day doses are significantly lower blood glucose level after treatment (p<0,05). Administration of the substance 10, 20, and 40mg/200 grBW/day doses are not significantly different blood LDL level after treatment (p>0,05). Administration of the substance 40 mg/200 grBW/day were reduce and doses is better than 10 mg, 20 mg, showed the blood glucose level in glibenclamide group is decrease. Administration of 20 mg/200 grBW/day doses is better the substance than 10 mg, 40 mg, and glibenclamide in the LDL levels are decrease. Conclusion: Flavonoid compound 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3- methoxy-phenyl) chroman-4-on S. macrophylla King seed has an effect to reduce glucose and LDL levels in strepzotocin and nicotinamide is rat induced by strepzotocin and nicotinamide . Keywords: Flavonoid, 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) chroman-4-on, Swietenia macrophylla King, diabetes mellitus, glucose, low density lipoprotein (LDL)

Kata Kunci : Flavonoid, 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) chroman-4-on, Swietenia macrophylla King, diabetes mellitus, glukosa, low density lipoprotein (LDL), Flavonoid, 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) chroman-4-on, Swietenia macrophylla King, diabetes m