PENURUNAN AKUMULASI PLAK GIGI SETELAH BERKUMUR DENGAN OBAT KUMUR YANG MENGANDUNG KOMBINASI LIDAH BUAYA (Aloe Vera), JERUK NIPIS (Citrus aurantifolia), DAN DAUN SIRIH (Piper betle. L)

KARISMATIKA SURYA GUMELAR, drg. Heni Susilowati, M.Kes., Ph.D.

2014 | Skripsi | ILMU KEPERAWATAN GIGI

Plak gigi merupakan lapisan tipis yang mengandung bakteri yang tidak terkalsifikasi dan melekat pada gigi-geligi serta jaringan lainnya di dalam mulut. Kontrol plak dapat dilakukan melalui kontrol diet, tindakan mekanis, dan tindakan kimiawi. Penambahan zat antibakteri kedalam obat kumur menjadi cara dalam mencegah pembentukan plak secara kimiawi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh berkumur dengan larutan obat kumur yang mengandung kombinasi lidah buaya (Aloe vera), jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia), dan daun sirih (Piper betle. L) terhadap akumulasi plak pada gigi. Tiga puluh subjek usia 18-25 tahun dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok perlakuan sebanyak 15 orang diinstruksikan berkumur dengan obat kumur yang mengandung kombinasi lidah buaya, jeruk nipis, dan daun sirih. Kelompok kontrol sebanyak 15 orang diinstruksikan berkumur dengan obat kumur tanpa kombinasi tersebut. Kedua kelompok berkumur sebanyak 10 ml obat kumur selama 30 detik. Pengukuran skor plak awal dilakukan pagi sebelum subjek sarapan dan sikat gigi, kemudian skor plak akhir diukur 8 jam setelah subjek berkumur lalu dihitung selisihnya terhadap skor plak awal. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji t tidak berpasangan (independent t-test). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penurunan skor plak pada kelompok perlakuan lebih besar dibandingkan kontrol (p<0,05). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah akumulasi plak gigi mengalami penurunan setelah berkumur kombinasi lidah buaya (Aloe vera), jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolian), dan daun sirih (Piper betle L.)

Dental plaque is a thin layer containing incalcified bacteria and attached onto tooth surface and other oral tissues. The prevention and plaque control can be performed by food controlling, medical and chemical action. The addition of antibacterial compound into mouthwash is a way of preventing plaque formation chemically. The purpose of this study was to know the effect of gargling using mouthwash containing the combination of Aloe vera, Citrus aurantifolia and Piper betle. L on the accumulation of dental plaque. Thirty subjects aged 18 to 25 years old were divided into two groups. Fifteen subjects in treatment group were instructed to gargle using mouthwash containing the combination of Aloe vera, Citrus aurantifolia and Piper betle. L. Meanwhile, fifteen others in control group were instructed to gargle using mouthwash without combination of those. Both groups were given 10 ml of mouthwash and gargled for 30 seconds. Dental plaque index was measured by using PHP-M method. The initial plaque measurement was performed early in the morning before subjects having a breakfast and brushing teeth, meanwhile the final plaque measurement was performed 8 hours since gargling. The next step was comparing between the initial and final measurement. The data gathered was analyzed using independent t-test. The result of this study showed that plaque score reduction in treatment group was bigger compared with control group (p<0,05). In conclusion, there was a significant reduction in dental plaque accumulation after gargling mouthwash containing the combination of Aloe vera, Citrus aurantifolia and Piper betle. L.

Kata Kunci : Plak gigi, berkumur, lidah buaya (Aloe vera), daun sirih (Piper betle. L), jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia)