ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH PEMANFAATAN INDIGOFERA SEBAGAI BAHAN PEWARNA ALAMI BATIK TULIS DI KECAMATAN IMOGIRI KABUPATEN BANTUL

STEFANIE NURMAVIANTI, Prof. Dr. Ir. Masyhuri

2014 | Skripsi | SOS.EK. PERTANIAN (AGROBISNIS)

Indigofera adalah salah satu bahan pewarna alami yang dimanfaatkan pada batik. Nilai tambah produk pertanian dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) nilai tambah pasta indigo, kain batik tulis biru indigo, dan biru kombinasi; (2) besarnya rerata nilai tambah kain batik tulis biru indigo dan biru kombinasi; (3) faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi nilai tambah kain batik tulis biru indigo dan biru kombinasi; dan (4) kendala yang dihadapi produsen serta cara mengatasinya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Imogiri, Kabupaten Bantul. Sampel produsen batik tulis sebanyak sepuluh jiwa diperoleh dengan metode sensus, sedangkan produsen pasta indigo sebanyak dua jiwa diperoleh dengan metode snowball sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode Hayami, independent samples t-test, dan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai tambah pasta indigo rendah yaitu Rp1.643,00/kg daun (38,66%), nilai tambah kain batik tulis biru indigo tinggi Rp351.713,35/lembar kain putih (68,39%) dan biru kombinasi tinggi Rp399.428,45/lembar kain putih (70,23%). Selain itu, penggunaan bahan pewarna alami pada tekstil memiliki nilai tambah lingkungan dan kesehatan. Rerata nilai tambah kain batik tulis biru indigo lebih rendah daripada kain batik tulis biru kombinasi tetapi tidak berbeda signifikan. Faktor yang berpengaruh positif secara signifikan adalah harga kain batik terhadap nilai tambah kain batik biru indigo dan biru kombinasi. Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh negatif secara signifikan terhadap nilai tambah kain batik biru kombinasi adalah biaya pasta indigo dan bahan pewarna alami lainnya. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi nilai tambah kain batik tulis biru indigo dan biru kombinasi secara bersama-sama adalah harga kain batik signifikan berpengaruh positif, biaya zat pengaktif signifikan berpengaruh negatif, dan dummy warna signifikan berpengaruh negatif. Kendala utama yang dihadapi produsen kain batik tulis indigo dan produsen pasta indigo adalah pemasaran, kontinyuitas pasta indigo, teknik pewarnaan sulit, keuntungan sedikit serta kualitas daun indigofera.

Indigofera is one of natural dyes which is used in batik. Value added of agricultural products can incrase economic growth. The aims of this research were to: (1) determine the value added of indigo paste, batik tulis blue indigo, and blue combination; (2) determine the magnitude of average value added batik tulis blue indigo and blue combination; (3) determine the factors that influence to value added of batik tulis blue indigo and blue combination; (4) identify the obstacles faced by producers and how to overcome them. This research was conducted in Imogiri Subdistrict Bantul Regency. There were ten samples of batik tulis producers which was obtained by census method, while the producers of indigo paste were two samples which was obtained by snowball sampling. Then the data were analyzed using Hayami method, independent samples t-test, and multiple linear regression. The results showed that value added of indigo paste was low Rp1.643,00/kg of leaves (38,66%), both batik tulis blue indigo and blue combination had high value added, they were Rp351.713,35/piece of plain cloth (68,39%) and Rp 399.428,45/piece of plain cloth (70,23%). Be sides, natural dyes of textile also had value added in environment and health. The average of value added batik tulis blue indigo was lower than blue combination, but did not differ significantly. The factor that positive influenced significantly to value added of blue indigo and blue combination batik tulis was price of batik. The factors that negative influenced significantly to value added of blue combination batik tulis were cost of indigo paste and other natural dyes. The factors that influenced to value added of batik tulis blue indigo and blue combination together were price of batik tulis that influenced positive significantly, cost of activation material that influenced negative significantly, and dummy colours influenced negative significantly. The main obstacles facing producers of batik tulis indigo and indigo paste were marketing, continuity of indigo paste, colouring techniques was difficult, a few profit, and the quality of indigofera’s leaves.

Kata Kunci : Batik Tulis, Indigofera, Nilai Tambah, Pewarna Alami