PRARANCANGAN PABRIK ASAM OKSALAT DARI TETES DENGAN KAPASITAS 30.000 TON/TAHUN

ELSA MALINDA OCTAVIANI, Sang Kompiang Wirawan, S.T.,M.T.,Ph.D

2014 | Skripsi | TEKNIK KIMIA

Asam oksalat merupakan senyawa organik golongan asam dikarboksilat yang memiliki banyak kegunaan sebagai bahan pemutih, bahan pembersih, reagen di industri kimia berbasis lantanida, dll. Kebutuhan asam oksalat semakin bertambah seiring dengan semakin berkembangnya industri kimia. Untuk itu didirikan pabrik asam oksalat dengan memanfaatkan tetes sebagai bahan baku utamanya sebanyak 76.145 ton/tahun. Pabrik ini direncanakan beroperasi pada tahun 2016 dengan kapasitas produksi 30.000 ton/tahun.Selain asam oksalat, pabrik ini juga menghasilkan produk samping yaitu gipsum sebanyak 58.758,52 ton/ tahun dan kalsium sitrat sebanyak 14.076,84 ton/tahun. Pabrik ini akan didirikan di Lampung Tengah di atas tanah seluas 5,04 hektar dengan jumlah pekerja sebanyak 242 orang. Dalam pengoperasiannya, pabrik memerlukan utilitas dengan rincian kebutuhan air sebesar 53872,5878 kg/jam, udara instrumen sebesar 75,6 m3/jam, udara pengering sebesar 158.962,50 kg/jam, bahan bakar sebesar 1.594,62 kg/jam, steam sebesar 5.753,71 kg/jam, dan listrik sebesar 1.210,26 kW. Dari perhitungan hasil evaluasi ekonomi diperoleh Fixed Capital Investment (FCI) sebesar $ 20,482,154.73 + Rp 110.378.745.768,65 ; Working Capital (WC) sebesar $ 2,362,275.18 + Rp 1.440.798.700.031,70; keuntungan sebelum pajak sebesar Rp 209.482.819.060,97; keuntungan setelah pajak sebesar Rp 104.741.409.530,48; Return On Investment before taxes sebesar 58,82%, Return On Investment after taxes sebesar 29,41%; Pay Out Time before taxes selama 1,45 tahun; Pay Out Time after taxes selama 2,54 tahun; Break Even Point (BEP) sebesar 50,09%; Shut Down Point (SDP) sebesar 37,36%, dan Discounted Cash Flow Rate of Return (DCFRR) sebesar 25,56% serta faktor Lang sebesar 3,63. Berdasarkan data-data diatas, pabrik asam oksalat dari tetes dengan kapasitas 30.000 ton/tahun ini menarik untuk dikaji lebih lanjut.

Oxalic acid is organic compound which belongs to dicarboxilyc acid having miscellaneous function such as bleaching and cleaning agent, reagent in lantanide-based chemical industries,etc. The demand of oxalic acid is getting higher in accordance with the increasing growth of chemical industries. For this reason, this oxalic acid is planned to be built by utililizing 76,145 tons/year of mollases as main raw material. It will be operated by 2016 with 30,000 tons/year of oxalic acid production capacity. This plant will produce 58,758.52 tons/year of gypsum and 14.076,84 tons/year of Calsium Citrate as side products. The plant will be located in Central Lampung on a land area of 5.04 hectares with 242 employees. During its operation, it will need 53,872.5878 kg/hour of water, 75.6 m3/hour of instrument air, 158,962.50 kg/hour of dry air, 1,594.62 kg/hour of fuel, 5,753.71 kg/hour of steam, and 1,210.26 kW of electricity. From the results of economic evaluations, it can be summaried that: Fixed Capital Investment (FCI) is $ 20,482,154.73 + Rp 110,378,745,768.65; Working Capital (WC) is $ 2,362,275.18 + Rp 1,440,798,700,031.70; profit before tax is Rp 104,741,409,530.48; profit after tax is Rp 104,741,409,530.48; Return on Investment before taxes is 58.82 %, Return on Investment after taxes is 29.41%; Pay Out Time before taxes is 1.45 years; Pay Out Time after taxes is 2.54 years; Break Even Point (BEP) is 50.09%; Shut Down Point (SDP) is 37.36%, and Discounted Cash Flow Rate of Return (DCFRR) is 25.56% and the Lang Factor is 3.63. Based on the data above, Oxalic Acid Plant from Molasses with capacity 30.000 tons/year is feasible for further study.

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