Dampak sistem pemerintahan desa terhadap pemerintahan adat Gampong dan implikasinya bagi ketahanan wilayah :: Studi di Kabupaten Aceh Besar
ABIDIN, Zainal, Prof.Dr. Teuku Ibrahim Alfian, MA
2001 | Tesis | S2 Ketahanan Nasional-
In the live of the Aceh Community, the law and adnt are inseparable. This is also true for the tradition of the udut administration in which religion and administration are one. Religion is the domain of the religious scholars (Ulemas) whereas administration is part of the Sultan’s authority. At the lowest level of administration, i-e. the gampong territorial unit, the role of the ulemas is held by Teungku Meunasah and the role of the Sultan is symbolically held by Keuchik. Katchik represents “the father†whereas Teungku Manasah represents “the mother“ of the gampong (duumvirate). This tradional pattern of administmtion was the system that prevailed in Aceh until the issuance of Act No.5 of 1979 concerning village administration when the traditional system of village administration was abolished and superseded by a system that conforms to the act. This research was conducted in the Regency of Aceh Besar using a descriptive-qualitative method. Data were obtained from a questionnaire, interviews, documents and results of previous researches. The data were analyed qualitatively by describing the phenomena related to the impact of the village administration system on the gampong administration and its implications for regional resilience. The results of the data analysis were interpreted by assigning meaning to the existing phenomena. The findings of the research are as follows: (1) Village administration under Act No. 5 of 1979 gives wide-ranging authority to the village headman. Authority is largely concentrated in the village headman so that village administration functions merely as an appendage of the bureaucracy above it. Almost all programs are designed by authorities at the upper level (top-down) and the people’s aspiration are disregarded; (2) The enforcement of Act No. 5 of 1979 makes it impossible to adopt the adat system in the territorial unit of gnmpong. This Act separates religion from administration and religion has no place in the administrative structure. Traditional institutions have been abolished and replaced by new institutions unknown to the community. This condition causes stress-strain among the people of Aceh, who are more familiar with their traditional institutions and cultural heritage. They consider Act No. 5 of 1979 as something that destroys their long established tradition. The special status of Aceh cannot be put into practice because there is no room for religion to actualize itself under this Art; (3) The implementation of village administration under Act No. 5 of 1979, viewed from the ideolical, political, economic, sosio-cultural and security aspects, is found to have negative implications for regional resilience. Key words: Village Administration, Gnmpong Adat Administration, Regional Resilience
Kata Kunci : Ketahan Wilayah,Sistem Pemerintahan,Pemerintahan Adat
