Evaluasi pengaruh pelaksanaan JPS-BK terhadap ketersediaan obat di Puskesmas

SALEH, Ibrahim, dr. Sunartono, M.Kes

2001 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Program IPS-BK bertujuan untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan derajat kesehatan serta status gizi keluarga miskin. Dana program IPS-BK untuk pel337 anan kesehatan dasar dapat digunakan oleh puskesmss untuk pembelian obat-obataii. Tujuan penefitian ini adahh untuk mendapatkan gamhsran tentang pelaksanaan JPS-BK dalarn ha1 pengadaan ohat, guna nrenibantu mengatasi kekosongan obat di puskesmas kabupaten Pemalang. Penelitian ini ciilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode survei yang bersifat deskriptif dan pengamatannya dilakukan secara retrospektif. Peneiitian dilakukan dengan cara mencari data tentang kekosongan dari 20 item obat yang paling banyak digunakan di puskesmas kabupaten Pemalang, dua tahun sebelum dan dua tahun sesudah program 3PS-BK. Kecuali itu juga dilakukan penelitian terhadap faktur pembelian obat puskesmas, untuk rnengetahui kcsesuaian waktu pengadaan dengan waktu kekosongan ohat di GFK, kesesu aiaii dengaii D 0 EN pu skesm 8 s, pengpnaan tiaina geiieiikhtnum, le-g alitas distfibusi dan h ~ g ape mhelian. H a d peiielitian menuniukkau batiwa prosentase kekosongan obat dua tahrin hertunit-turut sehehm IPS-BK adalah 2.55% clan 4,0996, sedang clua tahun berturut-turut sesudah IPS-BE( adaiah 6,99?/0 daii 6,S6?/0. Peiaksanaan perfpdaan obat JPS-BK OiCh ptisklisrrias (a) 83,3396 tidal< besuai dengan waktu kekosorigan di GFK,(B) 22,45% tidak sesuai deiignii DOEN tahun 1998 wtuk yuskesnias, (c) 10,34% tidak menggunakknn nama generik/urnurn (d) 2,9596 nieiaiui jaiur yang tidak legal. Peirgadaan obat deiigan harga Rp 138.625.047 ,- yang sehanisnya dspat dibeli dengan h q a Rp 9 Z .48O.946,32. Kesimpulan yang dapat diarnhil dari penelitian ini adalah pengadaan bat dengari danr JPS-BK tidak diperlukan karena pengaruhnya sangat kecil ctalam mengatasi kekosongan obat di puskesmas, pelaksanaan pengadaan obat ada yang tidak sesuai dengan aturan, dan terjadi pemborosan dana JPS-BK untuk pengadaan ohat, sebesar 34,01% yang seharusnya dapat dihernat.

JPS-BK program is aimed at maintaining and improving health level and nutritiorial status among poor families. The IPS-BK program budget for essential henith service may be used by community health centers to purchase drugs. This study was aimed at &ding out. the program of TPS-BK in terms of drugs requisition to help the unavailability of drugs in community health centers in Pemalang regency. This study was heid by usingg desctiptive survey method and the observation was held retrospectively. This study was held by searching 'data of unavaiiabiiity of 20 items of dxugs most used in the comniunity health centers in .Pemalang regency, ,Z years before and 2 years after JPS-BK program was held. A study OR drugs purchase invoices in community health centers was also held to 5nd out. the re!evance of cfrugs requisit.ion time and unavaiiabiiiQ tiins in GFK; its relevanc.e with D OEN of the c.oinmunity health cent.ers; H S o~f generic rlariies; ofticia1 dist.rihution arid buying price. The results showed that the percentage of unavailability of drugs for the two consecutive years hefcm JPS-BK was 2.55% and 4.09%; while the two consecutive years after JPS-BK was 6.99% and 6.86%. The JPS-BK drugs purchase requisitiori hy cornmuoity health centers a) 83.33% were not relevant with the unitvailabiiity of GFK; b) 22.4536 were not relevant with 1998 DOEN for community hea1t.h centers; c) 10.3406 djd not use generic naioe; d) 2.95% through illegal ways. The. drugs purchase requisition of Rp 138,625,047 could act.ually be bought for Rp 91,480,946.5.2. Zri wtichision, drugs acquisition using JPS-BK budget is no longer required as its effect is- too small to cope with drugs unavailability in coniniunity health centers. Some of the purchase requisition of drugs was not relevant wit.h ths regulation and wasted the SPS-BK budget for drugs availability, which was 34.01% that actualrty could be saved.

Kata Kunci : Kebijakan Obat,JPS,Ketersediaan Obat Puskesmas, JPS-BK: drugs availability, comniunity health centers