EFEK KOMBINASI FRAKSI NON n-HEKSAN EKSTRAK ETANOL SARANG SEMUT (Myrmecodia tuberosa Jack) DENGAN ANTIKANKER DOKSORUBISIN TERHADAP SEL LIMFOSIT, SEL VERO DAN SEL T47D IN VITRO

ADE AZKA SURYA WITSQA, Prof. Dr. Ediati, SE, Apt.

2014 | Skripsi | FARMASI

Doksorubisin masih menjadi pilihan dalam pengobatan kanker payudara. Pada pemakaiannya, doksorubisin menghasilkan efek samping merugikan berupa penurunan sistem imun tubuh. Salah satu cara mengurangi efek samping tersebut adalah melalui pengkombinasian doksorubisin dan obat bahan alam. Salah satunya kombinasi dengan sarang semut (Myrmecodia tuberosa Jack). Sarang semut terbukti mampu meningkatkan proliferasi sel limfosit, berefek sitotoksik pada sel T47D dan tidak mempengaruhi sel Vero. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara memberikan fraksi non n-heksan ekstrak etanol sarang semut secara kombinasi dengan doksorubisin pada sel limfosit, sel Vero dan sel T47D. Empat variasi kadar fraksi non n-heksan (12,5; 25; 50; 100 µg/mL) dikombinasikan dengan doksorubisin sebesar 0,465x10 -6 M. Metode MTT dipakai untuk menguji efek kombinasi pada tiap sel. Respon pada sel, dibaca menggunakan microplate reader lalu hasilnya dikonversikan menjadi nilai indeks stimulasi (IS) sel limfosit dan persentase viabilitas sel Vero serta sel T47D. Analisis statistika One way ANOVA Post hoc Tukey digunakan untuk membandingkan efek antar perlakuan. Fraksi non n-heksan ekstrak etanol sarang semut meningkatkan secara signifikan (p<0,05) nilai IS sel limfosit, persen viabilitas sel Vero dan sel T47D ketika dikombinasikan dengan doksorubisin. Nilai indeks stimulasi menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan mulai pemberian kadar fraksi 12,5 µg/mL hingga tertinggi 100 µg/mL secara dose dependent. Nilai persen viabilitas sel Vero menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan mulai pemberian kadar fraksi 25 µg/mL hingga tertinggi 100 µg/mL. Nilai persentase viabilitas sel T47D menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan mulai pemberian kadar fraksi 12,5 µg/mL hingga tertinggi 100 µg/mL. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil fraksi non n-heksan ekstrak etanol sarang semut bersifat non selektif dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan sel. Fraksi non n-heksan ekstrak etanol sarang semut tidak cocok digunakan sebagai ko-kemoterapi doksorubisin hingga kadar 100 µg/mL.

Doxorubicine is an option in the treatment of breast cancer. In use, adverse effects of doxorubicin resulted in a decrease in the body's immune system. One way to reduce these side effects is combining doxorubicine and natural medicine. One of them is the combination of the ant nest (Myrmecodia tuberosa Jack). Ant nest proven to increase lymphocyte proliferation, cytotoxic effect on T47D cells and does not affect the Vero cells. The research was done by giving the non n-hexane fraction of the ethanol extract of ant nests in combination with doxorubicine in lymphocyte cells, Vero cells and T47D cells. Four variations of the levels non n-hexane fraction (12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg / mL) in combination with doxorubicine at 0.465 x10-6 M. MTT method used to test the effect of the combination on each cell. Response to the cell, using a microplate reader then reads the results are converted to stimulation index (IS) and the percentage of lymphocytes Vero cell viability and T47D cells. Statistical analysis One-way ANOVA post hoc Tukey was used to compare the effects between treatments. N-hexane fraction non ethanol extract ant increase significantly (p <0.05) the value of the IS cell lymphocytes, percent viability of Vero cells and T47D cells when combined with doxorubicine. Stimulation index values showed a significant increase in the levels of the faction began giving 12.5 mg/mL to as high as 100 mg/mL dose-dependent manner. Value percent Vero cell viability showed a significant increase in the levels begin awarding fraction 25 mg/mL to as high as 100 mg/mL. T47D cell viability percentage values showed a significant increase in the levels of the faction began giving 12.5 mg/mL to as high as 100mg/mL. The conclusion that can be drawn n-hexane fraction of non ethanol extract is non selective ant nest in improving cell growth. N-hexane fraction non ethanol extract ant nest is not suitable for use as co-chemotherapeutic doxorubicine to levels of 100mg/mL.

Kata Kunci : Myrmecodia tuberosa Jack, doksorubisin, in vitro, MTT assay