ANALISIS EKONOMI PETERNAKAN AYAM BROILER POLA KEMITRAAN INTI-PLASMA DI PT. JANUPUTRA FARM
AYUNINGTYAS.I, Dr. drh. M. Haryadi Wibowo, MP.,
2014 | Tugas Akhir | D3 KESEHATAN HEWANPraktek Kerja Lapangan (PKL) dilaksanakan selama satu minggu yaitu tanggal 7 April sampai 12 April 2014 dari pukul 06.30 sampai pukul 16.00 WIB di Dusun Mbokong, Seyegan, Kabupaten Sleman, Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Tujuan dari Praktek Kerja Lapangan (PKL) ini yaitu untuk menganalisa secara finansial tentang pengalokasian biaya serta keuntungan usaha peternakan ayam ras broiler dengan pola kemitraan selama satu periode pemeliharaan.Data diperoleh dari pengamatan, praktek secara langsung, wawancara dengan peternak atau petugas penyuluh lapangan.Data juga diperoleh dari Kantor sub-cabang PT. Januputra farm yang beralamat di Cebongan Lor, Tlogodadi, Mlati, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Data yang diperoleh berupa recording pemeliharaan, pengajuan gaji untuk plasma dari pola kemitraan, perhitungan hasil pemeliharaan ayam, persyaratan lembar kesepakatan kerjasama kemitraan. Usaha peternakan ayam broiler PT. Januputra farm merupakan usaha peternakan ayam broiler yang mengikuti pola kemitraan inti-plasma. Kebutuhan di PT. Januputra farm tidak lepas dari unsur-unsur ekonomi, maka dibutuhkan analisis ekonomi untuk mengetahui laju ekonomi selama satu periode yang meliputi perhitungan biaya produksi, penerimaan produksi dan pendapatan dari hasil produksi. Perhitungan untuk Indeks Prestasi ayam juga diperhitungkan sebagai bahan evaluasi manajemen pemeliharaan selama satu periode, perhitungan indeks prestasi di PT. Januputra farm meliputi presentase kematian sebesar 9.20%, rataan berat badan 1.84 kg, rataan umur 34.26 hari, feed convertion rate (FCR) 1.6171 dan indeks performance (IP) 302. Perhitungan indeks prestasi di peternakan mandiri putra mandiri farm sebagai pembanding meliputi presentase kematian 5.40%, rataan berat badan 2.20 kg, rataan umur panen nilai feed convertion rate (FCR) 1.631 dan indeks performance (IP) 348.26. Hasil pengamatan dan perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa ayam broiler di PT. Januputra farmdipanen dengan jumlah 10.260 ekor dari total awal ayam 11.300 ekor, laba bersih yang didapatkan oleh PT. Januputra farm adalah Rp.5.558.551,00 dari total penerimaan tunai sebesar Rp. 313.243.729,00 ditambah nilai insentif FCR sebesar Rp. 2.266.872,00 dan dikurangi biaya total sebesar Rp. 309.952.090,00. Nilai rasio R/C (Revenue Cost Ratio) menunjukkan angka 1,01 yang artinya usaha peternakan ayam broiler di PT. Januputra farm layak untuk dipertahankan dan dikembangkan.
A Field Work Practice (PKL) was conducted during one week i.e. from 7 to 12 April 2014 from 06:30 o’clock to 16:00 o’clock in Mbokong Village, Seyegan, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region. This Field Work Practice (PKL) was aimed to analyze financially on financial allocation and also the advantages of broiler-race cattle breeding business with a partnership pattern during one breeding period. Data was obtained from observation, direct practice, interviews farmer and field guide officers. Data was also obtained from sub-office of PT. Januputra Farm addressed in Cebongan Lor, Tlogoadi, Mlati, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Data obtained namely: breeding recording, plasma salary proposal from partnership pattern, chicken breeding result calculation, partnership cooperation agreement sheet requirements. The broiler chicken cattle breeding business of PT. Januputra Farm was broiler chicken cattle breeding business which applied a plasma core partnership pattern. The needs of PT. Januputra related to economic principles so that it needed an economic analysis to know the economic speed during one period that covered production cost calculation, production receivables and production income. The calculation for chicken Performance Index was also calculated as a breeding management evaluation during one period, performance index calculation in PT. Januputra Farm included mortality percentage of 9.20%, body weight average of 1.84 kg, age average of 34.26 days, feed conversion rate (FCR) of 1.6171 and performance index (IP) of 302. The performance index calculation in independent cattle breeding of Putra Mandiri Farm as a comparator covered mortality index of 5.40%, weight average of 2.20 kg, feed conversion rate (FCR) value harvest age average of 1.631 and performance index (IP) of 348.26. The observation and calculation result showed that broiler chicken in PT. Januputra Farm was harvested numbered 10,260 heads out of total initial of 11,300 heads, net income obtained from PT. Januputra Farm was Rp 5,558,551.00 from total cash income of Rp 313,243,729.00 added FCR incentive value of 2,266,872.00 and subtracted total cost of Rp 309,952,090.00. The R/C (Revenue Cost Ratio) value showed number 1.01 meant that the broiler chicken cattle breeding business of PT. Januputra Farm was proper to maintain and to develop.
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