ANALISIS DAMPAK OBJEK WISATA GUA PINDUL TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN MASYARAKAT DESA BEJIHARJO

Ditya Nanaryo Aji, Dr. Akhmad Makfatih, MA.

2014 | Tesis | S2 Magister Ek.Pembangunan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak objek wisata Gua Pindul terhadap pendapatan, penyerapan tenaga kerja, dan kesejahteraan masyarakat Desa Bejiharjo. Tujuan lainnya adalah untuk mengetahui tanggapan masyarakat sekitar terhadap keberadaan objek wisata Gua Pindul. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rumah tangga yang aktif bekerja di sarana wisata Gua Pindul memiliki pendapatan perkapita rata-rata Rp639.196 sedangkan rumah tangga yang bekerja di luar usaha sarana wisata memiliki pendapatan perkapita rata-rata Rp337.128. Hasil uji beda rata-rata menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara pendapatan rumah tangga pekerja sarana wisata dibandingkan dengan rumah tangga pekerja di luar usaha sarana wisata. Kegiatan usaha wisata Gua Pindul memberikan kontribusi sebesar 63,21 persen terhadap total pendapatan rumah tangga pekerja sarana wisata dan mampu menyerap 8,69 persen dari total angkatan kerja di Desa Bejiharjo. Berdasarkan Garis Kemiskinan Kabupaten Gunungkidul tahun 2012, hanya 1 rumah tangga atau 2,17 persen dari seluruh responden pekerja usaha sarana wisata berada dibawah garis kemiskinan, sedangkan sebanyak 17 rumah tangga atau 44,73 persen dari seluruh responden pekerja diluar usaha sarana wisata berada dibawah garis kemiskinan. Hasil survey membuktikan bahwa dilihat dari sisi peningkatan pendapatan, sebanyak 93,9 persen responden memberikan tanggapan yang positif terhadap keberadaan objek wisata Gua Pindul, dan dilihat dari sisi penyerapan tenaga kerja sebanyak 95,5 persen responden memberikan tanggapan yang positif.

Gunungkidul Regency is one of the less develop area in Yogyakarta Special Region, since in 2012 this regency has number of poor people as much as 22.72 percent of the total population. One of the causes of poverty in Gunungkidul is because most of the land is a karst area that hard contoured and difficult to cultivate. Local government need to find other sector outside agricultural which constitute the majority of the population work in Gunungkidul. On the other hand, the tourism sector in this regency is rising, as evidenced by tourism local revenue that experiencing an increase from year to year. In year 2012, Gunungkidul tourism revenue reached Rp4,5 billion, exceeded nearly 200percent of the initial achievment of the target set, which is Rp2,3 billion. The aim of this research is to analyze the impact of Pindul tourism toward income, employment absorption, and society welfare of Bejiharjo village. Another purpose is to discover the community response to the presence of Pindul attractions site. Source of data used is primary data source, obtained by direct interviews of the entrepreneurs and worker of tourism facilities of Pindul attraction site and also the worker outside the tourism facility located in the hamlet of Gelaran I, Gunung Bang, and Gelaran II. The result show that households who are actively working in Pindul tourism facilities have an average per capita income Rp639.196 while households who are working outside of business tourism facilities have an average per capita income Rp337.128. Mean different test result indicate that there is a significant difference of income between the households who supporting tourism sector compared to households who worked outside tourism sector. Pindul tourism attraction business activities accounted for 63,21percent of total household workers income and it was able to absorb 8,69percent of total labor force in Bejiharjo village. Based on Gunungkidul poverty line in 2012, only one household or 2,17percent of all respondents tourism workers below the poverty line , while as many as 17 households or 44,73percent of all respondents who work outside the tourism sector are below poverty. The survey result prove that in terms of increased revenue, as many as 93,9percent of respondents gave a positive response to the presence of Pindul tourist attraction site. In terms of employment absorption, as many as 95,5percent of respondent also gave a positive response.

Kata Kunci : Dampak objek wisata Gua Pindul, Pendapatan, Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja, Kesejahteraan Masyarakat, Tanggapan Masyarakat