FAKTOR RISIKO DERMATITIS KONTAK AKIBAT KERJA PADA PEKERJA INDUSTRI TEPUNG PATI AREN TRADISIONAL DI DESA TULUNG KLATEN

Ratih Pramuningtyas, dr. Prasetyadi Mawardi, Sp.KK.

2014 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin

Latar Belakang : Dermatitis kontak akibat kerja (DKAK) adalah reaksi inflamasi yang disebabkan faktor paparan akibat pekerjaan. Dermatitis kontak karena tanaman, atau produk tanaman, sering ditemukan dalam praktek klinis. Tanaman aren merupakan bahan baku utama industri pati aren dan DKAK sering dijumpai pada pekerjanya. Aren atau Arenga pinnata Merr mengandung bahan yang berpotensi iritan dan alergen. Frekuensi serta faktor resiko yang berpengaruh pada frekuensi DKAK pada industri pati aren belum diketahui. Tujuan : Mengetahui frekuensi dan faktor resiko yang berpengaruh terhadap DKAK pada pekerja industri tepung pati aren. Metoda : Penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan studi potong lintang Hasil : Jumlah subyek 69 orang, 82,6% adalah perempuan. Rerata usia 43,3 tahun. Frekuensi kejadian DKAK pada industri pati aren sebesar 18,8%. Pada uji bivariat pekerjaan basah (p=0,043, p<0,05) dan riwayat atopi berhubungan secara bermakna (p=0,000, RP 25,3 (4,87 – 132,34)). Dermatitis kontak yang muncul pada subyek adalah iritasi, disebabkan oleh aren dan air sebagai iritan lemah. Hasil uji tempel menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol Arenga pinnata Merr hanya bersifat iritan. Simpulan : Frekuensi kejadian DKAK pada pekerja sebesar 18,8% dan Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pekerjaan basah dan riwayat atopi terhadap DKAK pada pekerja tepung pati aren

Background: Occupational contact dermatitis is an inflammatory reaction caused by exposure to occupational factors. Contact dermatitis due to plants or plant products are often found in clinical practice. Occupational contact dermatitis was common in traditional starch industry worker and palm sugar was the main ingredient of this industry. Palm sugar or Arenga pinnata Merr contain ingredients that potentially irritant and allergenic. Frequency and risk factors that affected the frequency of occupational contact dermatitis in traditional starch industry worker is unknown. Objective: To determine frequency and risk factors that affected the frequency of occupational contact dermatitis in traditional starch industry worker Methods: Analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design Results: Sixty nine subjects were include in this study, 82.6% are women. The mean age of subjects was 43.3 years old. Frequency of OCD on starch industral worker was 18.8%. In bivariate analysis, wet work (p=0,043) and history of atopy (p <0.05, RP 25,3(4.87 to 132.34)) was significantly associated with the incidence of occupational contact dermatitis. Contact dermatitis which appears on the subject was irritation, caused by palm sugar and water. Patch test results show that ethanol extract of Arenga pinnata Merr has an irritant effect. Conclusion: The frequency of occupational contact dermatitis was 18.8% and There is a significant association between wet work and history of atopy with occupational contact dermatitis among traditional starch industry workers

Kata Kunci : Occupational contact dermatitis, Risk factor, starch industry, Arenga pinnata Merr