PENGARUH POSTER EDUKASI TERHADAP DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DAN PERILAKU MANAJEMEN DIRI PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 ANGGOTA PERSATUAN DIABETES INDONESIA (PERSADIA) RUMAH SAKIT JOGJA

DEWI EROWATI, Martalena Br. Purba, M.CN, Ph.D.

2014 | Skripsi | GIZI KESEHATAN

Latar Belakang: Setiap enam detik satu orang di dunia meninggal karena diabetes. Untuk mencegah hal tersebut dibutuhkan perilaku manjemen diri pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 yang tepat. Dalam penerapan perilaku manajemen diri terdapat pengaruh langsung dari dukungan keluarga dan edukasi. Namun tingkat dukungan keluarga dan perilaku manajemen diri di Persadia RS Jogja masih rendah. Maka dibutuhkan proses edukasi, salah satunya adalah poster edukasi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh poster edukasi terhadap dukungan keluarga dan perilaku manajemen diri pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 anggota Persadia RS Jogja. Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah pre-eksperimental dengan one group pretest dan posttest design tanpa kontrol. Subjek penelitian adalah pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 anggota Persadia Rs Jogja dengan jumlah 34 orang yang menerima perlakuan berupa poster edukasi satu kali pada awal penelitian dan pesan singkat edukasi tiga hari sekali. Penilaian dukungan keluarga dan perilaku manajemen diri dilakukan pada awal dan akhir penilaian dengan rentang waktu tiga minggu. Hasil: Berdasarkan uji t-test terdapat pengaruh poster edukasi terhadap dukungan keluarga (│t hitung│= 2.79) dan perilaku manajemen diri (│t hitung│= 2.09). Hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dan perilaku manajemen diri meningkat setelah diberi poster edukasi (r=0.814). Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh poster edukasi terhadap peningkatan dukungan keluarga dan perilaku manajemen diri pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 anggota Persadia Rumah Sakit Jogja. Poster edukasi juga memperkuat hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dan perilaku manajemen diri.

BACKGROUND: Every six seconds one person in the world died because of diabetes. To prevent this problem, the exact self-management behaviors of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are needed. In the application of selfmanagement behaviors, there are a direct effect of family support and education. However, the level of family support and self-management behavior in Persadia RS Jogja still low. Then the education process is required, one of which is the educational poster. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the effect of educational poster to family support and self-management behavior of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus member of Persadia RS Jogja. METHOD: The study was a pre-experimental one group pretest and posttest design with no control. Subjects were patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus member of Persadia RS Jogja the number of research subjects is 34 people who received treatment in the form of educational poster one time at the beginning of the study and a brief educational messages once every three days. Assessments of family support and self-management behavior performed at the beginning and the end of the study with a span of three weeks. RESULT: Based on t-test there are significant educational posters to the family support (│ t │ = 2.79) and self-management behavior (│ t │ = 2.09). The relationship between family support and self-management behavior increased after the educational posters were given (r = 0.814). CONCLUSION: There is an educational poster effect to the increase of family support and self-management behavior of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 member of Persadia RS Jogja. Educational poster also reinforces the relationship between family support and self-management behaviors.

Kata Kunci : poster edukasi, dukungan keluarga, perilaku manajemen diri, diabetes mellitus tipe 2