PERBANDINGAN LAMA PERENDAMAN KAWAT AUSTRALIA TIPE REGULER, SPESIAL, DAN PREMIUM TERHADAP PELEPASAN ION NIKEL DAN KROMIUM DALAM SALIVA BUATAN pH 3,5 (Penelitian in vitro)

Yohana Retno wikandari Purwaningsih, drg. Christnawati.,M.Kes.,Sp Ort (K)

2014 | Tesis | S2 Ortodonsia

Perawatan ortodontik cekat teknik Begg menggunakan kawat Australia produksi pabrik G &H yang meliputi tipe reguler, spesial, spesial plus, premium, premium plus dan supreme dengan kandungan karbon yang berbeda. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari perbandingan lama perendaman kawat Australia tipe reguler, spesial, dan premium terhadap pelepasan ion nikel dan kromium dalam saliva buatan pH 3,5. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 90 potong kawat Australia (30 potong kawat tipe reguler, 30 potong kawat tipe spesial, dan 30 potong kawat tipe premium). Masing-masing kawat direndam di dalam saliva buatan pH 3,5 dengan lama perendaman 1, 7, 14, 28, 35, dan 42 hari untuk mengetahui pelepasan ion nikel dan kromium dalam saliva. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pelepasan ion kromium tidak terdeteksi pada semua lama perendaman. Pelepasan ion nikel pada lama perendaman hari ke-42 berbeda secara bermakna dengan lama perendaman hari ke- 1, 7, 14, 28, dan 35 hari (p<0,05). Pelepasan ion nikel pada kawat Australia tipe premium berbeda secara bermakna dengan kawat Australia tipe reguler dan spesial (p<0,05). Pelepasan ion nikel terjadi pada lama perendaman hari ke 1, 7, 14, 28, 35, dan 42 hari dari kawat Australia tipe reguler, spesial, maupun premium (p<0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini pelepasan ion nikel kawat Australia terbesar terdapat pada lama perendaman hari ke-42 sedangkan pelepasan ion kromium tidak terdeteksi pada keseluruhan lama perendaman. Kawat Australia tipe premium melepaskan ion nikel terbesar pada lama perendaman hari ke-42.

The Begg Technique is one of fixed orthodontic treatment which uses wire that is produced by G & H Factory, those are: regular type, special type, special plus type, premium type, premium plus type, and supreme type which each of it contains different carbon. The research about Australian Wire is still limited especially the research about the effect of saliva towards the use of the arch wire. This research is aim to know the influence of the length of soaking Australian Wire of regular type, special type, and premium type towards the release of ion nickel and chromium inside the saliva made by 3,5 pH. The research was conducted to 90 Australian Wires (30 regular type wires, 30 special type wires, and 30 premium type wires). Each of those wires was soaked into saliva made by 3,5pH and the length of soaking were 1, 7, 14, 28, 35, and 42 days to get to know the release of ion nickel and chromium from saliva. The result of research showed that the release of ion chromium was not detected in the entire process of soaking. Releasing ion nickel of soaking process in day 42 was significantly different compared to the soaking process in day 1, 7, 14, 28, and 35 (p<0,05). Releasing ion nickel on the Australian Wire of premium type was significantly different with the regular and special types (p<0,05). Releasing ion nickel happened in the process of soaking in day 1, 7, 14, 28, 35, and 42. It happened of either regular, special or premium type (p<0,05). The conclusion of this research was that the biggest of releasing ion nickel happened in day 42 of soaking process. Meanwhile releasing of ion chromium was not detected on the entire process of soaking. Premium type of Australian Wire released the biggest ion nickel in day 42 of soaking process.

Kata Kunci : kawat Australia, lama perendaman, ion nikel, ion kromium, saliva buatan pH 3,5