RANTAI NILAI KLASTER INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN SUSU DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

Nur Laili Ma rufah, Prof. Dr. Ir. Tridjoko Wisnu Murti, DEA

2014 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui rantai nilai (value chain) klaster Industri Pengolahan Susu (IPS) di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) dan mengetahui jaminan mutu industri pengolah susu berdasarkan kinerja terkait implementasi prinsip Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP). Sumber informasi dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari pelaku industri pengolahan susu sapi dan kambing, koperasi susu, serta lembaga dan instansi terkait. Responden dan lokasi penelitian ditentukan secara purposive sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pihak yang terlibat dalam klaster industri olahan susu DIY terdiri dari industri pengolahan susu yang bertindak sebagai industri inti, peternak, kelompok tani ternak (KTT), dan koperasi susu sebagai pemasok. Selain itu terdapat peran dari industri terkait, industri pendukung, pembeli, serta lembaga pendukung. Jenis olahan yang dilakukan oleh IPS antara lain susu pasteurisasi, susu fermentasi, dan susu bubuk. Melalui strategi pendekatan rantai nilai dan pemetaan rantai nilai diperoleh informasi yang komprehensif mengenai keterkaitan (linkage) pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam sebuah klaster industri serta diketahuinya rantai proses peningkatan nilai (value adding production chain) dalam klaster tersebut. Proses rantai nilai memberikan nilai tambah di bidang tenaga kerja, nilai tambah proses industri, nilai tambah inovasi teknologi, dan nilai tambah ekonomi. Konsep klaster industri secara nyata dapat menjadi lokomotif dan akselerator pembangunan ekonomi wilayah. Berkaitan dengan implementasi GMP, sebagian besar industri olahan susu sapi dan kambing telah menerapkan prinsip GMP.

The objectives of this study were to understand value chain of milk-cluster industry in the special region of Yogyakarta and analyze quality assurance of the dairy processors based on their performances in the implementation of GMP’s principle. Respondent and location were decided using purposive sampling method led to be analyzed descriptively. The results showed that stakeholders involved consist of dairy processors as core industry. Farmer, Livestock Farmer Groups (KTT), and cooperative as suppliers. In addition there are also found the role of related industries, supporting industries, buyers, and also supporting agencies or organizations. Pasteurized, fermented, and powdered milk reflects the product types made by dairy processors. Through the strategy of value chain approach and value chain mapping, it was obtained comprehensive information of the relationship (linkage) between stakeholders involved in milk-cluster industry as well as knowing the process of improving value in the chain (value adding production chain) in the cluster. Process in the value chain creates value in the field of labor, value-added industrial processes, value-added technological innovation, and economic value added. The concept of industrial clusters as for real could become a locomotive and accelerator for economic development in specific region. In connection with the implementation of GMP principles, most of the dairy industry (both cows and goats) have applied the principles of GMP.

Kata Kunci : Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Rantai nilai, Klaster industri susu, Nilai tambah