Nilai-Nilai dan Pesan-Pesan Moral Tarling Menurut Perspektif Pelaku Kesenian Tarling Cirebon (Sebuah Studi Psikologi Budaya)

Rijal Abdillah, Prof. Drs. Koentjoro, MBSc, Ph.D.

2014 | Tesis | S2 Psikologi

Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk menganalisis secara mendalam nilai-nilai dan pesan-pesan moral tarling menurut perspektif pelaku kesenian tarling dan internalisasi pelaku terhadap nilai-nilai dan pesan-pesan moral tarling. Dari maksud tersebut penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian, bagaimana nilai-nilai dan pesan-pesan moral tarling menurut perspektif pelaku kesenian tarling Cirebon dan internalisasi pelaku terhadap nilai-nilai dan pesanpesan moral tarling? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Proses pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini mendapatkan sebuah kesimpulan. Pertama, nilai-nilai tarling yang meliputi perasaan empati subjek terhadap kesenian tarling, kidung dandanggula yang diciptakan oleh Sunan kalijaga, “ngalap berkah”, filosofi sepriring nasi, “apa jare wong tua ngagem ngageme wong rumah tangga” dan “payun geneng sabonana payun geneng sabot enteng lakonana” atau gotong royong. Kedua, pesan-pesan moral tarling yang meliputi filosofi “ingsun titip tajug lan fakir miskin” yang diajarkan oleh Sunan Gunung Djati, penggunaan bahasa sopan “punten”, perilaku “sabasita” atau “anggah-ungguh”, filosofi “yen wis mlatar gage eling”, pamali, dan tradisi saweran. Ketiga, proses internalisasi subjek terhadap nilai-nilai dan pesan-pesan moral tarling terdiri dari lima tahapan berdasarkan pada teori taksonomi pengetahuan dari Bloom et.al, (1970). Tahap-tahap tersebut yaitu menerima, menanggapi, menilai, mengorganisasi, dan mengkarakterisasi. Kata Kunci : Nilai-Nilai, Moral, Tarling Cirebon, Psikologi Budaya

The purposes of this research were to analyze deeply the values and moral messages of Tarling in subject perspective of Tarling-Cirebon Art Performers and performers internalization of the values and moral messages Tarling. The purpose of this research aimed to answer the research question, how the values and moral messages according to the subject perspective of Tarling Cirebon art performers and performers internalization of the values and moral messages Tarling? This research is based on an qualitative study. Subjects perspective of values and moral messages in Tarling Art were gathered through observations, interviews, and documentation. The analyzing of internalization process of values and moral messages was inspired by ethnography. The result of this study indicate that the values of tarling obtained are empathy of subjects in tarling, covering “dandanggula” song of Sunan Kalijaga, “ngalap berkah” or seeking blessing, “a plate of rice” philosophy, “apa jare wong tua ngagem ngageme wong rumah tangga” or happy household, and “payun geneng sabonana payun geneng sabot enteng lakonana” or mutual cooperation. That there is explicitly moral messages that absorbed are “ingsun titip tajug lan fakir miskin” philosophy of Sunan Gunung Djati, conversation in polite language such as “punten” expression, “sabasita” or “unggah-ungguh” behavior, “pamali” or do behavior charily, “yen wis mlatar gage eling” philosophy of tarling, and “saweran” tradition. The internalization process of values and moral messages performers obtained through five stages based on an taxonomy of educational objectives from Bloom et.al, (1970). The first is an receiving. The second is an responding. The third is that the valuing. The fourth is that organization values. The Last internalization process of values and moral messages are the characterization. Keywords : Values, Moral, Tarling Cirebon Art, Cultural Psychology

Kata Kunci : Nilai-Nilai, Moral, Tarling Cirebon, Psikologi Budaya