KARAKTERISTIK VEGETASI DAN RUANG PADA AGROFORESTRI CAMPUR DI DESA NGLANGGERAN, KECAMATAN PATUK, KABUPATEN GUNUNG KIDUL

NOVI WIDAYANTI, Dr.Priyono Suryanto

2014 | Skripsi | BUDIDAYA HUTAN

Agroforestri campur di Indonesia secara umum berkembang secara konvensional. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan adanya kecenderungan sistem agroforestri berbasis pada jumlah pohon yang banyak dengan diameter kecil. Pengaturan ruang belum banyak dikembangkan dalam sistem agroforestri. Sistem agroforestri campur banyak dikembangkan oleh petani di Desa Nglanggeran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik vegetasi dan ruang pada agroforestri campur. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Nglanggeran, Kecamatan Patuk, Kabupaten Gunung Kidul. Data diperoleh dari Pembuatan Petak Ukur (PU) sebanyak 30 unit dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling. Syaratnya ialah lahan agroforestri yang dikembangkan adalah agroforestri campur jenis dan proporsi keragaman jenis yang ada pada lokasi tersebut. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada PU berbentuk nested sampling. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan bantuan software sexi-fs dan software excel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, agroforestri campur (random mixture) di Desa Nglanggeran tersusun oleh tegakan yang terdiri dari 16 jenis yang didominasi oleh Swietenia macrophylla. Kerapatan tegakan umumnya rendah hingga sedang dengan nilai INP tertinggi pada tingkatan pertumbuhan semai (Dalbergia latifolia): 98,45%, sapihan (S. macrophylla): 168,10%, tiang (S. macrophylla): 202,71%, pohon (S. macrophylla): 174,70% dengan umur yang bervariasi. Nilai Indeks Keragaman Jenis (Shannon) dan Indeks Kekayaan Jenis (Margalef) cukup bervariasi masing-masing berkisar antara 0,133 – 3,117 dan 0,257 – 1,595. Struktur vertikal tegakan tersusun atas dua strata tajuk yaitu stratum B (20-30 m) dan stratum C (4 - 20 m). Potensi agroforestri campur di Desa Nglanggeran sebesar 37,69 m3/ha.

Mixture agroforestry common in Indonesia grows conventionally. This is shown by the mixture agroforestry tends to show a large amount of trees with small diameter. In agroforestry system, space arrangement is less amended. Random mixture system is one of agroforestry system which is the common system used by land owner in Nglanggeran. In order to gain more information about characteristic of vegetation and space in mixture agroforestry system, a research has been conducted. This research was conducted at Nglanggeran Kulon, Patuk, Gunung Kidul. Data were taken from 30 plots selected by purposive sampling method. The plots were taken had to be random mixture agroforestry. Species biodiversity was also considered. Data were taken from observing tree vegetations in nested sampling plots. In this research, data were analyzed with software sexi-fs and software excel. The research showed that the random mixture agroforestry at Nglanggeran was structured by stands from 16 species which were dominated by Swietenia macrophylla. Stand density generally classified low to middle with the highest Important Value Index (IVI) on the seedling (Dalbergia latifolia) was 98.45%; on the sapling (S. macrophylla) was 168.1%; on the poles (S. macrophylla) was 202.71%; and on the tree (S. macrophylla) was 174.7%, were varied in age. Species Biodiversity Index (Shannon) and Species Riches Index (Margalef) were found quite vary, respectively raged 0.133 – 3.117 and 0.257 – 1.595. Vertical structure was compound by two crown layers (strata) that were B (20 m – 30 m) and C (4 m – 20 m). Standing stock of mixture agroforestry in Nglanggeran was 37.69 m3/ha.

Kata Kunci : Agroforestri, Pola campur, dan Keanekaragaman jenis.