PEMADATAN TANAH DAN INFILTRASI DI KAWASAN WISATA BATURADEN, PURWOKERTO

ANDA BRAHMANTYO, Dr. Ir. Ambar Kusumandari,MES

2014 | Skripsi | KONSERV. SUMBER DAYA HUTAN

Kepariwisataan alam merupakan alternatif pengelolaan hutan yang berbasis nontimber yang lebih ramah terhadap lingkungan. Kegiatan tersebut berdampak positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi tetapi juga bedampak negatif, salah satunya adalah pemadatan tanah. penelitian ini mempelajari tentang pemadatan tanah dan infiltrasi di Kawasan Wisata Baturaden yang secara administratif termasuk di wilayah Purwokerto, Kabupaten Banyumas, Propinsi Jawa Tengah dengan luas kawasan 16,5 ha. Objek wisata yang dijadikan lokasi penelitian adalah Hutan Alam, Camping Ground, Pancuran Telu, Pancuran Pitu, dan Telaga Sunyi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui besarnya BV, BJ, porositas, dan infiltrasi pada masing-masing obyek wisata; membandingkan BV, BJ, porositas, dan infiltrasi pada masing-masing obyek wisata; dan mengetahui hubungan kegiatan kepariwisataan alam terhadap pemadatan tanah dan infiltrasi di Kawasan Wisata Baturaden. Penentuan titik sampling awal ditentukan secara purposive yaitu lokasi dipilih berdasarkan homogenitas dalam karakteristik wilayahnya (jenis tanah, kelerengan, penutupan lahan, dan adanya aktivitas wisatawan), kemudian titik sampling berikutnya berjarak 20 meter dari titik sampling awal. Hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan uji One-Way ANOVA dengan membandingkan besarnya nilai parameter (BV, BJ, porositas, infiltrasi) pada lima lokasi penelitian (Hutan Alam, Camping Ground, Pancuran Telu, Pancuran Pitu, Telaga Sunyi). Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan pada lokasi Hutan Alam nilai rata-rata BV sebesar 1,44 g/cm3, BJ 2,25 g/cm3, porositas 36,04%, dan infiltrasi 10,50 cm/jam. Lokasi Camping Ground nilai rata-rata BV sebesar 1,91 g/cm3, BJ 2,20 g/cm3, porositas 13,00%, dan infiltrasi 21,67 cm/jam. Lokasi Pancuran Telu nilai rata-rata BV sebesar 1,71 g/cm3, BJ 2,44 g/cm3, porositas 29,71%, dan infiltrasi 33,00 cm/jam. Lokasi Pancuran Pitu nilai rata-rata BV sebesar 1,78 g/cm3, BJ 2,50 g/cm3, porositas 28,64%, dan infiltrasi 1,67 cm/jam. Lokasi Telaga Sunyi nilai rata-rata BV sebesar 1,48 g/cm3, BJ 2,23 g/cm3, porositas 35,11%, dan infiltrasi 26,33 cm/jam. Pada lima lokasi penelitian parameter BJ dan infiltrasi memiliki perbedaan nilai yang signifikan dan parameter BV dan porositas memiliki perbedaan nilai yang tidak terlalu signifikan. Kegiatan kepariwisataan alam di Kawasan Wisata Baturaden berdampak negatif terhadap pemadatan tanah dan infiltrasi, yaitu tampak dari beda nyata antara nilai BV, BJ, Porositas, dan Infiltrasi pada masingmasing lokasi penelitian (Hutan Alam, Camping Ground, Pancuran Telu, Pancuran Pitu, Telaga Sunyi).

Natural tourism is an alternative non-timber forest management that is relatively friendly to the environment. The activity has positive impact in economic growth, but also has negative impact, such as soil compaction. This research studies about soil compaction and infiltration in Baturaden Tourist Area which administratively located in Purwokerto, Banyumas Regency, Central Java Province with total area 16,5 Ha. Attraction area that are being used as research site are Natural Forest, Camping Ground, Pancuran Telu, Pancuran Pitu, and Telaga Sunyi. The objective of this research is to measure the value of BV, BJ, porosity, and infiltration on each research sites; to compare those values on each research sites; and to know the impact of natural tourism against soil compaction and infiltration in Baturaden Tourist Area. The first sampling point was determined by purposive way, location was selected based on homogenity in the characteristics of the site (soil classification, slope, land cover, and tourist activities), then the next sampling point was determined within 20 meters from the first sampling point. The research result was analysed using One-Way ANOVA test by comparing the parameter values (BV, BJ, porosity, infiltration) from five research sites (Natural Forest, Camping Ground, Pancuran Telu, Pancuran Pitu, Telaga Sunyi). The research resulted on Natural Forest the average value of BV is 1,44 g/cm3, BJ is 2,25 g/cm3, porosity 36,04%, and infiltration 10,50 cm/hour. On Camping Ground the average value of BV is 1,91 g/cm3, BJ 2,20 g/cm3, porosity 13%, and infiltration 21,67 cm/hour. On Pancuran Telu the average value of BV is 1,71 g/cm3, BJ 2,44 g/cm3, porosity 29,71%, and infiltration 33,00 cm/hour. On Pancuran Pitu the average value of BV is 1,78 g/cm3, BJ 2,50 g/cm3, porosity 28,64%, and infiltration 1,67 cm/hour. On Telaga Sunyi the average value of BV is 1,48 g/cm3, BJ 2,23 g/cm3, porosity 35,11%, and infiltration 26,33 cm/hour. On five research sites, parameters BJ and infiltration have significant difference of value and parameters BV and porosity have difference value that not very significant. Natural tourism in Baturaden Tourist Area has negative impact for soil compaction and infiltration, reflected from the significant difference value of BV, BJ, porosity, and infiltration on each research sites (Natural Forest, Camping Ground, Pancuran Telu, Pancuran Pitu, Telaga Sunyi).

Kata Kunci : pemadatan tanah, infiltrasi, kepariwisataan alam