PRARANCANGAN PABRIK 2 – ETIL HEKSANOL DARI PROPILEN DAN GAS SINTESIS KAPASITAS 100.000 TON/ TAHUN

DANU WICAKSONO, Ir. Supranto, M.Sc., Ph.D

2014 | Skripsi | TEKNIK KIMIA

Pembuatan 2 - etil heksanol melalui 3 tahapan reaksi, yang pertama, propilen dan gas sintesis direaksikan dalam reaktor oxo dengan katalis larutan rhodium pada tekanan 50 atm dan suhu 107,5 oC membentuk n-butanal sebagai produk utama dan i-butanal sebagai hasil samping. Kedua, n-butanal direaksikan dalam reaktor aldol membentuk 2-etil heksenal pada tekanan 3,2 atm dan suhu 106,16 oC. Selanjutnya proses hidrogenasi 2 - etil heksenal menjadi 2-etil heksanol dengan katalis Raney Nickel dijalankan pada tekanan 25 atm dan suhu 130 oC. Pabrik ini menghasilkan 2 - etil heksanol sebanyak 100.000 ton/tahun dengan kemurnian 98%, sedangkan hasil samping berupa i-butanal 83% dan nbutanal 77,4%. Bahan baku yang dibutuhkan adalah propilen sebanyak 9025,839 ton/tahun dan gas sintesis 6449,2 ton/tahun. Kebutuhan utilitas meliputi air sebanyak 258318,422 kg/jam, bahan bakar 2,2653 m3/jam, listrik 1830,9655 kVA dan udara 70,2240 m3/jam. Pabrik direncankan didirikan di Cilegon, Jawa Barat dengan luas area yang diperlukan sebesar 140.000 m2, dan jumlah tenaga kerja sebanyak 427 orang. Dari perhitungan evaluasi ekonomi yang dirancang untuk tahun 2013 diperoleh modal tetap sebesar Rp 1.130.631.757.788,19 + US$ 115,370,587.53 modal kerja sebesar Rp 1.613.500.282.096,38 biaya produksi sebesar Rp 1.957.419.133.751,83 pengeluaran umum sebesar Rp. 173.621.046.885,47. Keuntungan sebelum pajak sebesar Rp 574.205.307.822,43 , keuntungan sesudah pajak sebesar Rp 287.102.653.911,22 , ROI sebelum pajak 50,79 % , ROI sesudah pajak 25,39 %, POT sebelum pajak 1,65 tahun, POT sesudah pajak 2,83 tahun, BEP sebesar 43,40 % kapasitas, SDP sebesar 24,29 % kapasitas, dan DCFRR sebesar 13,7515 %. Hasil evaluasi ekonomi menunjukkan bahwa pabrik 2 - etil heksanol dari propilen dan gas sintesis ini layak untuk dikaji lebih lanjut.

Production of 2 - ethyl hexanol is through three stages of reaction. The first, propylene and synthesis gas is reacted in the oxo reactor with a solution of rhodium catalyst at a pressure of 50 atm and a temperature of 107.5 °C to formnbutanal as the main product, and i-butanal as a byproduct. The second, n-butanal is reacted in the aldol reactor to form 2-ethyl hexenal at a pressure of 3.2 atm and a temperature of 106.16 °C. The next stage is process of hydrogenation of2-ethyl hexenal become 2-ethyl hexanol with Raney Nickel catalyst at a pressure of 25 atm and a temperature of 130 °C. This plant produces 2-ethyl hexanol as much as 100,000 tons / year with a purity of 98%. While the addition of i-butanal 83% and n-butanal 77.4%. The plant needs 9025,839 tonnes/year of propylene, and synthesis gas 6449,2 tonnes/year of raw materials. The utilities needs water at the rate 258318,422 m3/hr, fuel gas at the rate of 2,2653 m3/hr, power 1830,9655 kVA and air for instrumentation and process at the rate of 70,2240 m3/hr. The 2-ethyl hexanol plant will be built in Cilegon, West Java. It needs 140000 m2 area and 427 employees. Based on economic analysis in years 2013, the fixed capital of 2-ethyl hexanol plant is Rp 1.130.631.757.788,19 and US$ 115,370,587.53 and working capital of 2-ethyl hexanol plant is Rp 1.613.500.282.096,38. The manufacturing cost of 2-ethyl hexanol plant is Rp 1.957.419.133.751,83 , and the general expenses of 2-ethyl hexanol plant is Rp 173.621.046.885,47. The result of economic analysis shows that the 2-ethyl hexanol plant produces profit before taxes Rp 574.205.307.822,43 and profit after taxes Rp 287.102.653.911,22. The value of Percent Return of Investment (ROI) before taxes is 50,79 % and after taxes is 25,39 %. The value of Pay Out Time (POT) before taxes is 1,65 years and after taxes is 2,85 years. The value of Break Even Point (BEP) is 43,40 %, Shut Down Point (SDP) is 24,29 %, and Discounted Cash Flow Rate of Return (DCFRR) is 13,7515 %. Based on data above, The 2- ethyl hexanol Plant from propylene and synthesis gas with 100,000 tonnes/year capacity is potential for further evaluation.

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