Hubungan Antara Keputusan Memilih Restoran Fast Food dan Frekuensi Konsumsi Fast Food Terhadap Status Gizi Anak Sekolah Dasar

TIANI KUSHARDIANTI, Dr. Toto Sudargo, SKM., M.Kes

2014 | Skripsi | GIZI KESEHATAN

Latar Belakang : Dewasa ini, masalah gizi yang terjadi di negara-negara maju dan berkembang bukan hanya masalah kekurangan gizi saja tetapi juga masalah gizi lebih. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyebab kegemukan dan obesitas bersifat multifaktor antara lain karena faktor genetik, ras, perubahan pola makan, aktivitas fisik serta faktor psikologis. Gaya hidup masa kini juga bisa menyebabkan kegemukan yaitu adanya kecenderungan suka mengonsumsi makanan fast food modern seperti burger, pizza, french fries dan lainnya yang mengandung lemak dan kalori tinggi namun kurang serat, vitamin dan mineral. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui keputusan memilih restoran fast food dan frekuensi konsumsi fast food berhubungan dengan status gizi. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan desain cross-sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di SD Negeri Pujokusuman 1 Yogyakarta dengan sampel penelitian adalah 65 siswa. Responden dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik random sampling. Analisa bivariat menggunakan chi-square. Hasil: Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa 63% siswa jarang mengonsumsi fast food (1-4x/bulan), 32% siswa tidak pernah mengonsumsi fast food (<1x/bulan), dan 4,6% siswa sering mengonsumsi fast food (>4x/bulan). Pengambilan keputusan berdasarkan rasional sebanyak 89% siswa dan berdasarkan sosial 10,77%. Hasil Analisa penelitian ini adalah tidak ada hubungan antara keputusan memilih restoran fast food dengan status gizi (p > 0,05), tidak ada hubungan antara frekuensi konsumsi fast food dengan status gizi (p > 0,05), dan tidak ada hubungan antara keputusan memilih restoran fast food dengan frekuensi konsumsi fast food (p > 0,05). Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan antara keputusan memilih restoran fast food dan frekuensi konsumsi fast food dengan status gizi anak SD.

Background : Nowadays, nutritional problems that occur in developed countries and developing not only malnutrition but also more nutritional problems. Some research suggests that the causes of obesity are multifactorial, among others due to genetic factors, race, dietary changes, physical activity and psychological factors. Today's lifestyle can also lead to obesity which is the tendency to eat foods like modern fast food such as burgers, pizza, french fries and other high-fat and high calories but less fiber, vitamins and minerals. Objective : To determine the decision making of choosing a fast food restaurant and frequency of fast food associated with nutritional status. Method : This research is an observational cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in SD Negeri Pujokusuman 1 Yogyakarta. The study sample was 65 students. Respondents were selected using random sampling techniques. Bivariate analysis was employed by using chi-square test. Result : The study result that 63% of students rarely eat fast food (1-4x/month), 32% of students never eat fast food (<1x/month), and 4.6% of students frequently eat fast food (> 4x/month). Rational based decision making are 89% of students and social based decision making are 10.77%. The results of analysis of this study shows that there is no relationship between the decision making of choosing fast food restaurants with nutritional status (p> 0.05), there was no association between the frequency of fast food consumption and nutritional status (p> 0.05), and no relationship between decision making of choosing fast food restaurant with a frequency of fast food (p> 0.05). Conclusion : There is no relationship between the decision making of choosing fast food restaurant and the frequency of fast food and nutritional status on elementary school students.

Kata Kunci : Keputusan Memilih Restoran Fast Food, Frekuensi Konsumsi Fast Food, Status Gizi