SUPPLY CHAIN RISK MANAGEMENT DAN ANALISIS STRUKTUR BIAYA LOGISTIK UNTUK MITIGASI DAMPAK NEGATIF MIKOTOKSIN PADA KOMODITAS JAGUNG (Zea Mays L)

MEGITA RYANJANI TANUPUTRI, Dr. Ir. Adi Djoko Guritno, M.SIE.

2014 | Skripsi | TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRI PERTANIAN

Jagung (Zea mays L.) merupakan komoditas pertanian yang rentan kontaminasi mikotoksin yang dapat menyebabkan dampak negatif pada keamanan pangan. Kondisi lingkungan sepanjang supply chain komoditas jagung menjadi pemicu utama pertumbuhan mikotoksin yang dapat diidentifikasi secara visual. Penelitian ditujukan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor pemicu pertumbuhan mikotoksin, menganalisis struktur biaya logistik aktivitas supply chain dan melakukan mitigasi risiko terkait biaya logistik untuk menekan potensi timbulnya mikotoksin. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan convenience sampling melalui indepth interview kepada pelaku supply chain. Lokasi penelitian di sentra produksi jagung wilayah Jawa Tengah dan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Metoda analisis risiko menggunakan standar ISO 31000:2009 dan analisis struktur biaya logistik menggunakan Activity-Based Costing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan munculnya mikotoksin teridentifikasi pada setiap tahapan supply chain. Pada tingkat petani terdapat 4 aktivitas dalam kategori avoid risk, pada tingkat pengepul dan pedagang masing-masing terdapat 3 aktivitas. Mitigasi risiko pada tingkat petani dilakukan melalui pelibatan teknologi dalam perbaikan penanganan pra-panen, sedangkan pada tingkat pengepul dan pedagang melalui pengurangan waktu simpan dan pengendalian kadar air hingga <17% wet basis. Analisis struktur biaya logistik menunjukkan biaya yang dominan terdapat pada aktivitas material handling sebesar 66,66%; transportasi sebesar16,08% dan penyimpanan sebesar 8,97% dari total biaya logistik. Rekomendasi yang diberikan berupa peningkatan peran gapoktan di tingkat petani serta penambahan aktivitas sortasi dan biaya pengendalian penyimpanan di tingkat pengepul dan pedagang. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan adanya keterkaitan antara struktur biaya logistik dengan upaya untuk mengoptimalkan tindakan pencegahan yang memicu timbulnya mikotoksin. Kata kunci: Jagung, supply chain, mikotoksin, manajemen risiko, biaya logistik

Corn (Zea mays L.) is a susceptible agricultural commodity by mycotoxins contamination and it possibly causes negative effects on food safety. Environmental conditions throughout the supply chain as a key trigger of mycotoxins growth can be identified visually. The objectives of this study are to identify the factors triggering the growth of mycotoxins, analyze the cost structure of logistics, and mitigate the potential risks associated with logistics costs to reduce the mycotoxins. This research was conducted by convenience sampling method and in-depth interview to the respondents throughout the supply chain. Locations of this study were done in central of corn production in Central Java and Yogyakarta province, Indonesia. Risk analysis method using the ISO 31000:2009 standard and logistics cost structure analysis using Activity-Based Costing. The results show that the emergences of mycotoxins were identified at each stage of the supply chain. In farmers level, there are 4 activities in the avoid risk category and in the level of the collectors and traders respectively consist of 3 activities. Risk mitigation at the farmers level is proposed through the involvement of technology in the improvement of pre-harvest handling, while at the collectors and traders level can be done through the lead time reduction and water content control below 17% wet basis in inventory. Analysis of logistics cost structure shows that the dominant logistics cost is identified in the material handling, transportation and inventory activities that contribute to 66.66%, 16.08% and 8.97% of the total logistics cost. Combination of avoid risk category and logistics costs along supply chain proposed recommendation to improve material handling and inventory activities. This research concludes that there is a linkage between the structure of logistics costs and preventive activities to prevent mycotoxins growth happens along the supply chain. Keywords: corn, supply chain, mycotoxins, risk management, logistics costs

Kata Kunci : Jagung, supply chain, mikotoksin, manajemen risiko, biaya logistik