KAJIAN PERSEPSI DAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT LOKAL KELURAHAN SINAR BARU TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN KAMPUNG WISATA MATRAS DI KECAMATAN SUNGAILIAT KABUPATEN BANGKA

KASWANDI, Drs. Joko Christanto, M.Sc

2014 | Skripsi | PEMBANGUNAN WILAYAH

Selain dapat dinikmati seluruh lapisan masyarakat, tujuan penting penetapan status Kampung Wisata Matras pada tahun 2010 silam, agar masyarakat lebih berpartisipasi dalam program pengembangan sektor pariwisata setempat. Sejauh ini, tingkat partisipasi masyarakat masih rendah. Hasil temuan dari penelitian terdahulu yang relevan, bahwa karakteristik sosial ekonomi mencakup pengetahuan dan persepsi berhubungan dengan partisipasi. Oleh sebab itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk (1) mengkaji karakteristik sosial ekonomi dan persepsi masyarakat, (2) mengkaji bentuk dan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat, dan (3) mengkaji hubungan antara karakteristik sosial ekonomi dan persepsi dengan partisipasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Sinar Baru, Kecamatan Sungailiat, Kabupaten Bangka, Bangka Belitung. Penelitian ini dikategorikan sebagai penelitian survei. Teknik sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive-snowball sampling. Ukuran sampel yang diperoleh sebanyak 44 responden (KK), yang terdistribusi di Kampung Matras, Bukit Kuala, Hakok dan Bideng Ake. Variabel karakteristik sosial-ekonomi (x1), persepsi (x2) dan partisipasi (y1) dianalisis secara deskriptif-kualitatif dan skoring untuk mengetahui gambaran objek, bentuk dan tingkatnya. Selanjutnya, digunakan teknik analisis Tabulasi Silang (Crosstabs), Chi-Square (x2) dan Spearman’s Rank untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya, arah (positif atau negatif) dan kekuatan (kuat atau lemah) hubungan antara variabel x1 dan x2 dengan variabel y1. Secara keseluruhan, sebagaian besar responden (47,73%) memiliki tingkat persepsi dikategorikan sedang. Sedangkan, tingkat partisipasi sebagian besar responden (38,64%) dikategorikan rendah. Dari hasil analisis Tabulasi Silang, Chi-Square dan Spearman’s Rank, seluruh indikator dari variabel karakteristik sosial ekonomi dan persepsi berhubungan dan arahnya positif (+) dengan partisipasi, kecuali umur dan jumlah tanggungan yang arahnya negatif (-). Akan tetapi, kekuatan hubungannya berbeda-beda. Pada derajat kepercayaan 99% (0,01), indikator pendidikan informal, pengetahuan pariwisata, persepsi terhadap kelembagaan dan anggaran dana hubungannya kuat dengan partisipasi. Sedangkan pada derajat kepercayaan 95% (0,05), persepsi terhadap produk perencanaan, objek/atraksi wisata, fasilitas penunjang serta peluang dan daya saing hubungannya cukup kuat dengan partisipasi.

Besides it could be enjoyed by all levels of society, an important goal of status determining of Matras Tourism Village in 2010 was in order more people took participate in development programs of the local tourism sector. So far, the participation level of society was still low. The relevant findings of previous research was that the socio-economic characteristics including knowledge and perceptions associated with participation. Therefore, the purposes of the research were (1) to study the socio-economic characteristics and perceptions, (2) to study the shape and level of public participation, and (3) to study the relationship between socio-economic characteristic and perception toward participation . The research was conducted in Sinar Baru Village, Sungailiat, Bangka, Bangka Belitung, and it was categorized as survey research. Sampling technique used was purposive - snowball sampling. The sample size obtained by 44 (forty four) respondents, who were distributed in Matras, Bukit Kuala, Hakok and Bideng Ake. The variable of socio-economic characteristic (x1), perception (x2) and participation (y1) were analyzed by descriptive - qualitative and scoring method to study the description of the objects, shapes and levels. Furthermore, Cross Tabulation, Ch-Square (x2) and Spearman's Rank were used to know the relationship between x1 and x2 toward y1 variable whether it was exist or not, the direction (positive or negative) and the strength (strong or weak). Overall, most of respondents (47,73%) have the level of perception that was categorized in moderate level. While, the level of participation of the most of respondents (38,64%) was categorized in low level. Based on the result of Cross Tabulation, Chi-Square and Spearman's Rank analysis, all indicators of socio-economic characteristic and perception variable were positively (+) related to the participation variable, except for the age and the number of dependents indicator were negative (-). However, the strength of their relationship were different. At the 99% (0,01) confidence interval, the indicator of informal education, tourism knowledge, perception of institutional and funds budgeting were strongly related to participation . While, at the 95% (0,05) confidence interval, the perception of planning product, object/attraction of tourism, support facilities, opportunity and competitiveness described sufficiently- strong relation to participation.

Kata Kunci : Sosial Ekonomi, Persepsi, Partisipasi, Masyarakat Lokal, Kampung Wisata