UNIT COST, KANDUNGAN ENERGI DAN PROTEIN MAKANAN TAMBAHAN UNTUK ANAK SEKOLAH TAMAN KANAK-KANAK

AYU JANUARIYATUN, Th. Ninuk Srihartini , M.Si, Ph.D

2014 | Skripsi | GIZI KESEHATAN

Latar belakang: usia prasekolah adalah periode emas yang menentukan kualitas anak pada masa sekolah sehingga status gizinya perlu diperhatikan oleh semua pihak. Program PMT-AS (Pemberian Makanan Tambahan Anak Sekolah) adalah sebuah program pemerintah yang telah terlaksana di berbagai daerah di Indonesia yang bertujuan untuk mendukung kecukupan gizi anak dan meningkatkan kualitas anak sekolah. Berdasarkan penelitian, pelaksanaan PMTAS di Sekolah Dasar belum optimal, sedangkan evaluasi untuk pelaksanaan PMT-AS di Taman Kanak-kanak belum banyak dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian: mengetahui rata-rata kandungan energi dan protein makanan kudapan dan unit cost makanan tambahan sekolah Taman Kanak-kanak Kecamatan Bantul Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Metode penelitian: penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dan rancangan cross-sectional. Sekolah Taman Kanak-kanak di Kecamatan Bantul yang dijadikan tempat penelitian adalah TK yang didirikan pemerintah yaitu TK Bhineka 1 di Desa Trirenggo dan TK swasta yaitu TK Islam Ratnaningsih di Desa Bantul. Makanan kudapan yang diteliti dari masing-masing sekolah adalah makanan kudapan basah, kudapan kering dan kudapan berbahan dasar telur. Cara pengumpulan data primer yaitu pengukuran berat bahan makanan mentah dan matang sedangkan data sekunder dengan melihat laporan keuangan untuk pelaksanaan PMT-AS TK. Kandungan Gizi dinilai menggunakan Tabel Komposisi Pangan Indonesia. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis univariat dan analisis regresi. Hasil dan pembahasan : rata-rata kandungan energi adalah 191,7 kkal atau 63,9% anjuran dan kandungan protein sebesar 5 gram atau 100% anjuran. Ratarata unit cost makanan kudapan PMT-AS TK adalah Rp 1.546,00 per porsi per anak. Semakin tinggi kandungan gizi, semakin tinggi unit cost makanan kudapan. Untuk mendapatkan makanan kudapan dengan kandungan 300 kkal dan 5 gram protein dibutuhkan Rp 1.710,00. Kesimpulan : dana sebesar Rp 1.400,00 dari pemerintah telah digunakan dengan efisien namun belum mencapai target kandungan energi makanan kudapan PMT-AS TK. Kata kunci : PMT-AS TK, prasekolah, kandungan energi, kandungan protein, unit cost

Background: preschool age is a golden period that can determine the quality of children in school period, so their nutritional status needs attention from all stakeholders. School Supplementary Food Program for Kindergarten Students (PMT-AS TK) is a nutrition program designed by the government with the purpose of supporting children’s food intake of nutritional food and ultimately improve their quality during school period. Very few studies have been conducted to evaluate the school supplementary food program for school children, none of which was done in kindergarten. Objective: to asses mean of unit cost, energy and protein of supplementary food for kindergarten school children in Bantul Sub District Yogyakarta Province. Methods: the study was a cross-sectional design with descriptive analysis. Data collection was organized in two kindergartens located in Bantul Sub District. Both kindergartens represent either a governmental school or a private one. Sample of supplementary foods was taken in the forms of wet food, dry food and eggs. Weights of the foods were measured then the energy and protein value was determined by using food composition table. Unit cost of the food was estimated based on financial reports of the kindergarten. Univariate analysis and linear regression test was performed for data analysis. Results and discussion: the mean of energy value is 191,7 kcal (63,9% of recommended value) and the protein content is 5 gram (100% of recommended value). The higher nutrition value of the supplementary food, the more budget it costs. A budget of Rp 1.710,00 is needed to obtain a supplementary food containing the recommended nutrient value (300 kcal of energy and 5 gram of protein). Conclusion: budget from the government (Rp 1.400,00 per portion per pupil) is used efficiently but has not yet reached the recommended energy value of supplementary food intended for pre-school children. Key words : school supplementary food program (PMT-AS TK), preschool, unit cost, energy, protein

Kata Kunci : PMT-AS TK, prasekolah, kandungan energi, kandungan protein, unit cost, school supplementary food program (PMT-AS TK), preschool, unit cost, energy, protein