PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT DAN RUMPUT LAUT DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, KOMPOSISI KARKAS DAN NON KARKAS, SERTA KUALITAS KIMIA DAN FISIK DAGING KELINCI

mustafidah udkhiyati, Panjono, S.Pt.,MP., Ph.D.

2014 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan minyak kelapa sawit dan rumput laut dalam ransum kelinci terhadap pertumbuhan, komposisi karkas dan non karkas, serta kualitas kimia dan fisik daging kelinci. Materi yang digunakan 28 ekor kelinci Flemish Giant jantan lepas sapih (kurang lebih berumur 5 bulan) dengan rerata bobot hidup awal 1560±212 g. Seluruh kelinci dikelompokkan secara acak pada empat level perlakuan. Masing-masing terdiri atas 7 ulangan. Kandang yang digunakan merupakan kandang individu dengan ukuran 40x30x30 cm. Ternak diberi ransum dan air minum ad libitum setiap harinya. Pemeliharaan berlangsung selama 40 hari. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola searah (One Way Anova), dengan aras perlakuan R1 (Ransum kontrol= 0% minyak kelapa sawit+0% rumput laut), R2 (5% minyak kelapa sawit+0% rumput laut), R3 (0% minyak kelapa sawit+5% rumput laut), dan R4 (2,5% minyak kelapa sawit+2,5% rumput laut). Hasil uji kinerja pertumbuhan menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi pakan (g BK/ekor/hari), PBBH, dan FCR berbeda tidak nyata. Kadar air keempat kelompok perlakuan menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak nyata, sedangkan kadar lemak pada kontrol (R1) lebih rendah (P<0,05) dibandingkan ketiga perlakuan (R2, R3, dan R4). Kolesterol daging pada kelompok R3 secara nyata (P<0,05) lebih rendah dibanding ketiga kelompok lainnya (R1, R2, dan R4). Daya ikat air R1 lebih rendah (P<0,05) dibandingkan kelompok R2, R3, dan R4. Keempukan pada keempat kelompok perlakuan menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak nyata. Disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan minyak kelapa sawit dan rumput laut dalam ransum kelinci tidak berpengaruh terhadap performan serta komposisi karkas dan non karkas, meningkatkan kadar lemak daging, serta pemberian rumput laut 5% pada R3 mampu menurunkan kadar kolesterol daging.

The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of utilization palm oil and seaweed on growth toward carcass and non carcass composition, and meat chemical-physical quality. Twenty eight male Flemish Giant rabbits (the average age were 5 months) with early average weight gain 1560±212 g were used in this research. All rabbits were randomly classified in four treatment levels, they were R1 (control treatment= 0% palm oil+0% seaweed), R2 (5% palm oil+0% seaweed), R3 (0% palm oil+5% seaweed), R4 (2.5% palm oil+2.5% seaweed). Each treatment level consists of seven replication. Individual cages (size 40x30x30 cm) were used. The rearing lasted for 40 days. This research were analyzed by One Way Anova. The results of growth performance test showed that feed intake (gBK/rabbit/day), ADG, and FCR were not significantly different, meanwhile the fat precentage and Water Holding Capacity (WHC) of R1 were significantly less (P<0,05) than others (R2, R3, and R4). Meat cholesterol of R3 was siginficantly less (P<0,05) than others (R1, R2, and R4), and the meat tenderness was not significantly diferrent among the treatments. It could be concluded that the utilization palm oil and seaweed did not affect the growth performance, carcass and non carcass composition, but it increased the meat fat precentage. The utilization 5% seaweed in R3 could decreased the meat cholesterol prencentage.

Kata Kunci : Minyak Kelapa Sawit, Rumput Laut, PBBH, Karkas, Kualitas Kimia, Kualitas Fisik, Flemish Giant, Palm Oil, Seaweed, ADG, Carcass, Chemical Quality, Physic Quality, Flemish Giant