KAJIAN KERUSAKAN LINGKUNGAN TANAMAN PERTANIAN AKIBAT AKTIVITAS INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN DOLOMIT DI KECAMATAN PANCENG KABUPATEN GRESIK

Dini Atikawati, Prof. Dr. Totok Gunawan, MS.

2014 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Lingkungan

Keberadaan industri pengolahan dolomit di Desa Banyutengah, Kecamatan Panceng telah menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan sekitar karena menghasilkan debu. Debu menempel pada tanaman pertanian karena letak industri berada di sekitar lahan pertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengkaji sebaran kerusakan lingkungan tanaman pertanian akibat debu dari industri pengolahan dolomit yang menimbulkan masalah lingkungan, (2) menilai kerusakan lingkungan tanaman pertanian akibat debu dari industri pengolahan dolomit, dan (3) merumuskan strategi pengelolaan lingkungan untuk mengendalikan kerusakan lingkungan tanaman pertanian. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi. Pengambilan sampel debu dilakukan dengan memperhatikan jenis penggunaan lahan dan jarak dari industri. Pengambilan sampel tanaman pertanian dilakukan secara acak. Pengambilan sampel buah memperhatikan buah yang masak. Pengambilan sampel daun dengan memperhatikan letak daun. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif, spasial, dan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebaran debu pada tanaman pertanian meliputi Desa Banyutengah, Campurejo, Pantenan, Ketanen, Dalegan, Waru Lor, Tlogosadang, dan Sidokumpul. Tanaman pertanian yang berada pada arah utara, barat laut, barat daya dan pada jarak 150-600 m dari industri, permukaan daun tertutupi debu. Semakin dekat jarak tanaman dari industri, kadar klorofilnya semakin rendah dan semakin jauh jarak tanaman dari industri, kadar klorofilnya semakin tinggi. Produksi tanaman pertanian mengalami penurunan sebesar 175,003 ton, dengan nilai kerugian Rp 1.281.384.600. Strategi pengelolaan lingkungan meliputi strategi pengelolaan lingkungan A, B, dan C yaitu abiotik; biotik; dan culture (budaya), dan strategi pengelolaan lingkungan 6P yaitu Perencanaan, Pemanfaatan, Pengendalian, Pemeliharaan, Pengawasan, dan Penegakan Hukum.

The existence of dolomite processing industry in the Banyutengah Village, Panceng Subdistrict has a negative impact on the environment because it produces dust. The dust sticks on agricultural crops because the industry located around agricultural land. This study aims to: (1) examine the distribution of environmental damage of agricultural crops caused by dust from dolomite processing industry that cause environmental problems, (2) assess the environmental damage of agricultural crops caused by dust from dolomite processing industry, and (3) formulate environmental management strategies to control environmental damage of agricultural crops. This study uses observation method. Dust sampling was done with paying attention to the type of land use and distance from the industry. Agricultural crops sampling was done randomly. Fruit sampling was done with paying attention to the ripe fruit. Leaf sampling was done by observing the location of the leaf. The data analysis uses quantitative descriptive, spatial, and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results show that spread of dust on agricultural crops include Banyutengah, Campurejo, Pantenan, Ketanen, Dalegan, Waru Lor, Tlogosadang, and Sidokumpul Village. Agricultural crops which are at north, northwest, southwest and at a distance of 150-600 m from the industry, the leaf surface is covered by dust. The closer the crops distance from the industry, the lower the levels of chlorophyll and the farther the crops distance from the industry, the higher the levels of chlorophyll. The crops production decreased by 175,003 tonnes, with loss value 1.281.384.600 rupiah. The environmental management strategies includes A, B, and C environmental management strategies that are abiotic; biotic; and culture, and 6P environmental management strategies that are Planning, Utilization, Controlling, Cultivation, Monitoring, and Law Enforcementing.

Kata Kunci : kerusakan lingkungan, tanaman pertanian, debu, industri pengolahan dolomit, environmental damage, dolomite processing industry, dust, agricultural crops