PENGARUH 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-one BIJI Swietenia macrophylla King TERHADAP GLUKOSA DAN TRIGLISERIDA DARAH Rattus norvegicus YANG DIINDUKSI STREPTOZOTOCIN DAN NICOTINAMIDE

RIZKI YASSIR ALVIYAN, Dra. Prasetyastuti, Apt, M.Kes.

2014 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER

Latar Belakang: Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang sudah umum ditemukan di era modern ini dan menyita banyak perhatian. Diabetes mellitus dapat mengakibatkan peningkatan kadar glukosa dalam darah (hiperglikemia). Peningkatan kadar glukosa darah dapat mengganggu keseimbangan metabolisme lipid sehingga menyebabkan perubahan profil lipid di dalam darah (dislipidemia). Salah satu perubahan yang sering terjadi pada pasien DM adalah terjadi peningkatan kadar trigliserida dalam darah. Biji mahoni yang memiliki nama latin Swietenia macrophylla King mengandung senyawa flavonoid, saponin, dan alkaloid. Senyawa flavonoid yang terdapat dalam biji S. macrophylla King adalah 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-one. Hasil penelitian sebelumnya menyebutkan bahwa ekstrak biji S. macrophylla King mempunyai efek hipoglikemik dan hipolipidemik. Oleh karena itu, perlu dikaji lebih lanjut mengenai pengaruh 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-one terhadap glukosa dan trigliserida darah pada DM. Tujuan : Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-one biji S. macrophylla King terhadap glukosa dan trigliserida darah Rattus norvegicus yang diinduksi streptozotocin dan nicotinamide. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan pretest and postest control design dengan subjek 36 ekor tikus jantan (Rattus norvegicus) yang dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol normal, kelompok kontrol DM, kelompok Glibenclamide, kelompok 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-one dosis 10 mg/200 gramBB/hari, 20 mg/200 gramBB/hari dan 40 mg/200 gramBB/hari. Pengukuran glukosa dan trigliserida darah dilakukan dua kali yaitu sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan selama 4 minggu. Hasil: 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-one biji S. macrophylla King dosis 10 mg/200 gramBB/hari, 20 mg/200 gramBB/hari dan 40 mg/200 gramBB/hari menurunkan secara signifikan glukosa darah setelah 4 minggu perlakuan (p<0,05). Dosis 20 mg/200 gramBB/hari dan 40 mg/200 gramBB/hari memiliki efek yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan glibenclamide dalam menurunkan glukosa darah selama 4 minggu. 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-one biji S. macrophylla King dosis 40 mg/200 gramBB/hari secara signifikan menurunkan trigliserida darah setelah 4 minggu perlakuan (p<0,05). Ketiga dosis 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-one biji S. macrophylla King tidak memiliki efek yang lebih baik dibandingkan glibenclamide dalam menurunkan trigliserida darah.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent non contagious diseases today and has attracted much attention. Diabetes mellitus can cause excessive glucose level in blood (Hyperglycemia). The increase in blood sugar can cause imbalance in lipid metabolism which causes changes in lipid profile in blood (Dyslipidemia). One of the most common changes found in DM patients is the excessive increase of triglyceride level in blood. Seed of mahogany, denominated in Latin by Swietenia macrophylla King, contains flavonoid, saponin, and alkaloid. Flavonoid compound in seeds of S. macrophylla King is identified as 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-one. Results of previous researches has shown that extract of S. macrophylla King seed has both hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects. Therefore, further study of the effect of 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-one towards blood glucose and triglyceride level of DM patient is necessary. Objectives: The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-one in S. macrophylla King seed towards blood glucose and triglycerides levels in streptozotocin and nicotinamide induced Rattus norvegicus. Methodology: This research is experimental with the utilization of pre-test and post-test control design by using 36 male laboratory mice (Rattus norvegicus) as subjects. The test subjects were divided into six groups; normal control, DM control, Glibenclamide control, 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-one with 10 mg/200 grBW/day, 20 mg/200 grBW/day, and 40 mg/200 grBW/day groups. Measurements of blood glucose and triglyceride levels are taken before and after 4 weeks of treatment. Results: Administration 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-one with 10 mg/200 grBW/day, 20 mg/200 grBW/day, and 40 mg/200 grBW/day doses is shown to significantly lower the amount of glucose in blood after 4 weeks of treatment (p<0,05). Administration in 20 mg/200 grBW/day, and 40 mg/200 grBW/day doses shows better results than that of glibenclamide in the blood glucose level reduction in 4 weeks. 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-one in S. macrophylla King seed administration dose of 40 mg/200 grBW/day significantly lowers blood triglyceride level after 4 weeks of treatment (p<0,05). Blood triglyceride level reduction of 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-one in S. macrophylla King seed administration with all three doses does not exhibit stronger effect compared to that of the glibenclamide. Conclusions: Administration of 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-one in S. macrophylla King seed significantly lowers glucose and triglyceride levels in streptozotocin and nicotinamide induced Rattus norvegicus.

Kata Kunci : 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chroman-4-one biji S. macrophylla King menurunkan secara signifikan glukosa dan trigliserida darah Rattus norvegicus yang diinduksi streptozotocin dan nicotinamide. Kata Kunci: 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phen