PERBANDINGAN RESISTENSI FRIKSIONAL ANTARA LIGASI BRAKET PREADJUSTED ROTH KONVENSIONAL DAN SELF LIGATING PADA EMPAT TINGKAT KEPARAHAN MALPOSISI GIGI MENGGUNAKAN KAWAT BUSUR Ni-Ti

Nur Rachmawati, drg. Darmawan Sutantyo, SU.,Sp.Ort(K)

2014 | Tesis | S2 Ortodonsia

Penggunaan braket preadjusted self ligating dianggap mampu menghasilkan resistensi friksional rendah karena bentuknya seperti tabung memungkinkan kawat busur tidak tertekan kedalam slot braket, namun dinding klip kaku membatasi rentang defleksi sebesar lebar braket. Modifikasi ligasi braket preadjusted konvensional dengan kawat ligatur yang dikendorkan 3 puntiran menurunkan resistensi friksional yang dihasilkan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perbedaan resistensi friksional antara ligasi braket preadjusted Roth konvensional dan self ligating menggunakan kawat busur Ni-Ti, perbedaan dengan peningkatan malposisi dan interaksi antara ligasi kedua jenis braket dan peningkatan malposisi Delapan puluh braket logam preadjusted Roth (40 konvensional dan 40 self ligating) serta 16 buccal tube dipasang pada 8 replika typodont akrilik rahang bawah yang dibuat 4 tingkat keparahan malposisi gigi menurut Little (tanpa, ringan, sedang, dan berat). Kawat busur Ni-Ti 0,014” dipasangkan pada typodont akrilik, diligasi kemudian direndam saliva buatan pH 7. Dilakukan uji resistensi friksional meng-gunakan universal testing machine. Data hasil pengukuran diuji menggunakan analisis variansi dua jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan besar resistensi friksional antara braket preadjusted Roth konvensional dan self ligating dan interaksi antara ligasi kedua jenis braket dan peningkatan malposisi tidak berbeda (p>0,05). Terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada besar resistensi friksional dengan peningkatan malposisi gigi (p<0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian yaitu resistensi friksional braket preadjusted Roth konvensional dan self ligating sama, peningkatan malposisi gigi akan diikuti peningkatan resistensi friksional yang dihasilkan pada kedua jenis braket, dan interaksi antara ligasi kedua jenis braket dan peningkatan keparahan malposisi gigi tidak berbeda.

Preadjusted self ligating bracket is claimed having less friction due to the tube-like shape, accommodating the wire slide easily, but rigid clip of this bracket limiting the working span. The use of wire ligature tightened onto the slot of conventional bracket and unwound 3 times resulted less friction. The aim of this study were to know the frictional resistance differences between preadjusted Roth conventional and self ligating bracket using Ni-Ti archwire, the difference due to increasing of tooth malposition as well as the interaction between the bracket types and tooth malposition. Eighty preadjusted Roth metal bracket (40 conventional, and 40 self ligating), 16 buccal tube were bonded on acrylic typodont of lower arch after set 4 degree of malposition due to Little (none, mild, moderate, and severe). The archwires were placed, ligated, and wetted using artificial saliva (pH 7). The frictional resistance was tested using universal testing machine. The data were collected and analyzed using two way of variance analysis. No differences were showed on the frictional resistance between preadjusted Roth conventional and self ligating bracket, as well as the interaction between the bracket types and tooth malposition (p>0,05). Frictional resistance due to increasing of tooth malposition were different (p<0,05). The conclusion: the frictional resistance between preadjusted Roth conventional and self ligating bracket were same, the frictional resistance increased with the increasing of tooth malposition, but there were no interaction between bracket types and tooth malposition.

Kata Kunci : resistensi friksional, braket preadjusted Roth konvensional dan self ligating, malposisi gigi