Uji Potensi Antijamur Senyawa Fenantrolin 1 terhadap Strain Candida sp. Resisten Itrakonazol dan Ketokonazol dengan Metode Microbroth Dilution

HILMA TSURAYYA I, dr. Titik Nuryastuti M.Si, PhD

2014 | Skripsi | PENDIDIKAN DOKTER

Latar Belakang: Kandidiasis adalah infeksi Candida sp. yang bersifat oportunistik dan endogen, sering menyerang host yang imunokompromis. Kandidiasis adalah infeksi oportunistik terbanyak pada ODHA. Kandidiasis invasif menjadi infeksi nosokomial terbanyak keempat di negara Amerika Serikat dan negara maju lainnya. Itrakonazol dan ketokonazol adalah agen antijamur yang banyak digunakan dalam pengobatan kandidiasis. Namun, pengobatan antijamur secara irasional menyebabkan munculnya strain Candida sp. yang resisten terhadap itrakonazol dan ketokonazol. Resistensi tersebut memicu kebutuhan akan agen antijamur baru yang lebih efektif. Senyawa fenantrolin 1 adalah sebyawa baru turunan dari senyawa 1,10-fenantrolin. Senyawa 1,10-fenantrolin telah terbukti memiliki aktivitas antijamur terhadap Candida sp. Belum ada data mengenai potensi senyawa fenantrolin 1 terhadap Candida sp. resisten itrakonazol dan ketokonazol. Tujuan: Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan yaitu untuk mengetahui potensi antijamur senyawa fenantrolin 1 dan kadar hambat minimal senyawa tersebut terhadap strain Candida sp. resisten itrakonazol dan ketokonazol. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain deskriptif eksperimental, dengan menggunakan metode microbroth dilution. Hasil: Potensi antijamur senyawa fenantrolin 1 terhadap Candida sp. resisten itrakonazol dan ketokonazol ditunjukkan dengan kadar hambat minimal sebesar 3,175 μg Kesimpulan: Senyawa fenantrolin 1 memiliki potensi antijamur terhadap strain Candida sp. resisten itrakonazol dan ketokonazol, tetapi mekanisme aksinya belum diketahui.

Background: Candidiasis is an opportunistic and endogenous infection of Candida sp. which often come against the immunocompromise host. Candidiasis become the most opportunistic infection in people with HIV/AIDS. Invasive candidiasis become the fourth highest nosocomial infection in the United States and other developed countries. Itraconazole and ketoconazole are antifungal agents that widely used for treatment of candidiasis. However, irrational use of antifungal treatment cause the appearance of strains of Candida sp. which resistant to itraconazole and ketoconazole. This resistance trigger the need for new antifungal agents which more effective. Phenantroline 1 compound is new compound derivated from 1,10- phenanthroline. 1,10-phenanthroline has been shown to have antifungal activity against Candida sp. There are no data of antifungal potention of phenantroline 1 compound against strain of Candida sp. which resistant to itraconazole and ketoconazole. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the antifungal potention of phenanthroline 1 compounds and minimal inhibitory concentration of these compounds against strains of Candida sp. which resistant to itraconazole and ketoconazole. Method: This study was conducted with experimental descriptive design, using microbroth dilution method. Result: The antifungal potention of phenanthroline 1 compound against strain of Candida sp. which resistant to itraconazole and ketoconazole are indicated by minimal inhibitory concentration 3.175 μg/ml. Conclusion: Phenanthroline 1 compound has antifungal potention against strain of Candida sp. which resistant to itraconazole and ketoconazole, but the mechanism of action is still unknown.

Kata Kunci : antijamur, fenantrolin 1, Candida sp. resisten itrakonazol dan ketokonazol, kadar hambat minimal (KHM).