DAYA TARIK PACU JAWI SEBAGAI ATRAKSI WISATA BUDAYA DI KABUPATEN TANAH DATAR SUMATERA BARAT

Purnama Suzanti, Dr. Ir. Djoko Wijono, M.Arch

2014 | Tesis | S2 Magister Kajian Pariwisata

Pacu Jawi merupakan pamenan anak nagari (permainan yang sifatnya menghibur dan menyampaikan nilai-nilai oleh anak nagari) selepas panen padi, berupa memacu sepasang sapi di sawah yang berair dan berlumpur. Kegiatan ini sudah menjadi tradisi masyarakat yang bertahan pada empat kecamatan yaitu kecamatan sungai tarab, Pariangan, Lima Kaum, dan Rambatan di kabupaten Tanah Datar. Tradisi ini sejak tahun 2009 memenangkan beberapa kontes foto skala nasional dan internasional sehingga dikunjungi wisatawan. Menurut Mill (1998) penting untuk mengetahui daya tarik sebelum dilakukan strategi, pemasaran dan pengembangan atraksi selanjutnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan esensi daya tarik pada atraksi wisata Pacu Jawi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metodelogi penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi pustaka, pengamatan dan wawancara. Studi pustaka dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan informasi berkaitan dengan daya tarik wisata dan Pacu Jawi. Pengamatan yang dilakukan adalah pengamatan tak berperan serta dan model pengamatan bersifat terbuka.Wawancara dilakukan dengan bertatap muka (face to face), lewat media handphone (voice to voice), dan jaringan media sosial internet (chating) seperti Facebook, Line dan WhatsApp. Hasil penelitian menunjukan daya tarik Pacu Jawi ada pada gairah yang berupa semangat dan kegembiraan yang terlihat pada peternak, joki, masyarakat, tokoh masyarakat, pemerintah dan wisatawan. Estetika yang berada pada keharmonisan semangat dan kegembiraan dengan bentang alam, aksi di arena pacu dan keindahan hasil fotografi. Keunikan Pacu Jawi tergambar pada lokasi penyelenggaraan di rangkaian sawah yang berteras-teras dengan arena pacu sawah berlumpur dan berair, dilaksanakan berpindah-pindah dari satu nagari ke nagari lain.

Pacu Jawi (cow racing) is traditional attraction which is played by the village (nagari) youth in Tanah Datar Regency, West Sumatera. This activity is for fun, entertainment and convey values when the planting season arrive. It is held on muddy paddy fields that have been harvested by riding a pair of cows with plow equipment while holding the tail of both cows. This attraction has become one of the long tradition which still exists among 4 (four) sub districts in West Sumatera, namely Sungai Tarab, Pariangan, Lima Kaum, and Rambatan in Tanah Datar district. Since 2009, Pacu Jawi become well known since it become the nomination in International photography exhibition. Afterwards, more tourist visits this Pacu Jawi activity. According to Mill (1998) if proposed and existing attracting can be objectively viewed in term of their drawing power, appropriate strategies for the marketing of existing attractions and the development mix of future attraction can be developed. The purpose of this research is to explore the drawing power of Pacu Jawi. This research used a qualitative research method. The data were collected through literature reviews, observations and interviews. Literature studies all conducted by colecting any information regarding Pacu Jawi activities. Observation all done by participating as a visitor and as a researcher. Interwiew all conducted by direct communication (face to face), by phone (voice to voice) and by social networking such as Facebook and WhatApps. The study result shows the passion that come from happiness and spirit from people arround (jokies, community surrounding, local government, farmers and tourists) is the drawing power of Pacu Jawi. The harmonization spirit and happiness people arround with the local landscape, the good coordination of the cows running in the muddy rice field, as fast as required by the players known as Joki and amazing picture produced by photographer are the beauty of Pacu Jawi. the natural view of sliding rice field with the muddy area for the racing, the place of celebration is changing almost every months from one Village (Nagari) to another Nagari with varying landscape are the uniqueness of Pacu Jawi.

Kata Kunci : daya tarik wisata, keunikan, keindahan, gairah (passion)