RANCANG BANGUN OTOMATISASI PADA PROSES KALSINASI BUTIRAN ADU (AMONIUM DIURANATE) MENJADI BUTIRAN U3O8

ASRI RATNA FITRIANI, Drs. Abdul Ro’uf, M. Kom.

2014 | Skripsi | ELEKTRONIKA DAN INSTRUMENTASI

Proses kalsinasi butiran ADU (Amonium Diuranate) menjadi butiran U 􀬷 O 􀬼 adalah salah satu tahap pembuatan bahan bakar Reaktor Suhu Tinggi yang dilakukan dengan suhu dan waktu tertentu. Keberhasilan proses dipengaruhi oleh parameter suhu dan waktu pemanasan, sehingga dibutuhkan unit kalsinasi yang dapat secara otomatis mengatur tahap kenaikan suhu dan waktu pemanasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengimplementasikan sistem kendali proses kalsinasi butiran ADU di PTAPB-BATAN yang dapat mengakuisisi data suhu dan waktu serta dapat dengan otomatis melakukan kontrol dengan kenaikan suhu pemanasan secara bertahap. Digunakan Programmable Logic Control (PLC) Trilogi T100MD2424+ sebagai pengendali utama. Antarmuka yang diprogram menggunakan LabVIEW 2011 untuk memantau serta mengakuisisi data selama proses berlangsung. Komunikasi data PLC dengan PC menggunakan port RS-232 dengan protokol host link multi-point, sedangkan komunikasi data PLC dan pengontrol suhu menggunakan port RS-485 dengan protokol Modbus. Antarmuka menampilkan data suhu dan waktu. Data proses ditampilkan dalam bentuk tabel dan grafik dan disajikan dalam bentuk logbook operasi serta disimpan dalam format Microsoft Word secara otomatis. Dari hasil pengujian pertama, kedua, dan ketiga rata-rata suhu ketika kendali ON/OFF aktif, beda jauh dengan set point suhu yang diinginkan, sehingga kendali ON/OFF kurang cocok digunakan pada proses kalsinasi butiran ADU.

Calcination process of ADU granules into U 􀬷 O 􀬼 is one of high temperature reactor fuel making stage that did with temperature and time setting. The success of the process is strongly influenced by parameters of temperature and heating time, so that Calcination unit that can be used to automatically adjust the temperature rises stages and heating time is needed. The purpose of this research is to implement a control system of the ADU granules calcination process in PTAPB-BATAN that can acquire temperature and heating time during the process and manage the temperature and heating process automatically with gradually temperature rising. The system using PLC Trilogy T100MD2424+ as the main controller, Autonics TK4M-B4RN temperature controller, and thermocouple as hardware to control the ON/OFF heating process. The interface which programmed using LabVIEW 2011 for monitoring and acquiring data during the process. Data communication between PLC and PC using the RS-232 port with multi-point host link, data communication between PLC and temperature controller using the RS-485 port with Modbus protocol. The interface displays temperature and time data. Tables and graphs are also presented in the form of operation logbook and could be saved automatically in Microsoft Word format. Data acquisition and control system makes the calcination process is easier to do. From the result of first trial, second trial, and third trial, the temperature average when ON/OFF control is active, is too different with temperature set point which needed. So that, ON/OFF control is incompatible used for calcination process.

Kata Kunci : Sistem Akuisisi Data, Kontrol, Proses Kalsinasi, PLC