PENGARUH VINASSE DAN TIGA JENIS PUPUK ORGANIK TERHADAP SERAPAN N, P, K SERTA HASIL TOMAT DI INCEPTISOL, SLEMAN

FRIZTYA BASMA YUSA, Prof. Dr. Ir. Bambang Hendro Sunarminto, S.U.

2014 | Skripsi | ILMU TANAH

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk vinasse dan 3 jenis pupuk organik terhadap ketersediaan NPK tanah, pertumbuhan, serapan NPK dan hasil tanaman tomat di inceptisol. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan completely randomized design (CRD), dengan 2 faktor yaitu faktor pertama konsentrasi pupuk vinasse dengan dosis 800 l/ha (0,5 %, 1 %, 1,5 %, dan 2 %), faktor kedua macam jenis pupuk organik (kompos kotoran kambing, kompos kotoran ayam, dan pupuk kompos daun masing-masing takaran 3 ton/ha). Analisis tanah meliputi pH-H2O, pH-KCL, C-organik, N total, P tersedia, K tersedia, dan KPK. Parameter agronomisnya yang diamati antara lain tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat segar, berat kering trubus dan akar serta hasil produksi tanaman tomat. Analisis kadar NPK jaringan untuk menduga serapan NPK tanaman. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan jenis pupuk organik tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pH-H2O, C-organik, tetapi berpengaruh terhadap pH-KCL, NPK tanah dan KPK. Pada konsentrasi vinasse berpengaruh nyata terhadap pH dan KPK. Pada dua faktor tersebut terdapat interaksi pada N-total, kadar K akar dan kadar NPK trubus. Berdasarkan parameter agronomis-fisiologis seperti tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat segar-kering trubus, berat segar-kering akar, serapan NPK akar dan trubus diperoleh pupuk kandang ayam nilainya lebih tinggi dibandingkan pupuk kandang kambing dan kompos daun, sedangkan pada konsentrasi vinasse tidak terjadi perbedaan nyata antara dosis satu dengan dosis lainnya. Penambahan pupuk vinasse dan pupuk organik belum meningkatkan produksi tomat secara nyata.

. This research was conducted to determine the effect of vinasse fertilizer and 3 types of organic fertilizer on NPK availability of the soil, plant growth, NPK uptake and yield of tomatoes plants on Inceptisol Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used on this research with 2 factors. The first factor is vinasse solution concentration in the dose of 800 l/ha (0.5 %, 1 %, 1.5 % and 2 %) and the second factor is organic fertilizer types (goat manure, chicken manure, and leaf compost in the dose of 3 tons/ha for each types). Soil analysis include pH-H2O, pH-KCL, Organic-C, total-N, available-P, available-K and CEC. Agronomic parameters observed i.e. plant height, number of leaves, fresh matter yield -dry matter yield of shoot and root, and yield of tomatoes plant. Analysis of NPK concentration in plant tissue was used to estimate the amount of NPK uptake. The results obtained indicate the type of organic fertilizer had no significant effect on pH-H2O, C-organic, but had significant effected on pH-KCL, NPK soil and CEC. Solution concentration of vinasse significantly affect on pH and CEC. In both factors, interactions are included in N-total, K concentration on root and NPK concentration on shoot. Based on agronomical-physiological parameters such as plant height, number of leaves, fresh matter yield - dry matter yield shoot, fresh matter yield - dry matter yield root, NPK uptake by root and shoot showed that chicken manure fertilizer has higher nutrient concentration than other compost. While the vinasse solution concentration did not give significant difference between one and another concentration. Vinasse concentration and types of organic fertilizer did not increase yield of tomatoes significantly.

Kata Kunci : Inceptisol, kompos, serapan NPK, tomat, dan Vinasse.