PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KOMBINASI PUPUK ORGANIK DAN PUPUK NPK TERHADAP EFISIENSI NITROGEN PADI SAWAH INCEPTISOL

PATRIA NOVITA KUSUMAWARDANI, Dr. Ir. Sri Nuryani H.U., M.P., M.Sc.

2014 | Skripsi | ILMU TANAH

Efisiensi nitrogen sangat tergantung pada kesesuaian antara kebutuhan tanaman dan jumlah N tersedia dari aplikasi N (baik sumber mineral atau sumber organik). Pemupukan yang berimbang merupakan kunci untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hara tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk kotoran sapi, pupuk organik granul, dan pupuk NPK terhadap efisiensi nitrogen pada tanaman padi sawah (Oryza sativa) di Inceptisol. Penelitan ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei-November 2013 di Rumah Kaca dan Labotorium Jurusan Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi pH, DHL, C-organik, Ntersedia, dan N-total tanah, serta analisis N jaringan. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini yaitu 0 ton/ha pupuk organik+tanpa NPK, 0 ton/ha pupuk organik+NPK, 15 ton/ha pupuk kotoran sapi+tanpa NPK, 15ton/ha pupuk kotoran sapi+NPK, 7,5 ton/ha pupuk kotoran sapi+tanpa NPK, 7,5 ton/ha pupuk kotoran sapi+NPK, 16,5 ton/ha petroganik+tanpa NPK, 16,5 ton/ha petroganik+NPK, 8,25 ton/ha petroganik+tanpa NPK, 8,25 ton/ha petroganik+NPK, 12,6 ton/ha cakra+tanpa NPK, 12,6 ton/ha cakra+NPK, 6,3 ton/ha cakra+tanpa NPK, dan 6,3 ton/ha cakra+NPK. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kombinasi pupuk organik dan NPK memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap parameter pH, C-organik, N-total, kadar N jaringan, dan serapan N jaringan. Efisiensi nitrogen optimal diperoleh pada perlakuan 15 ton/ha pupuk kotoran sapi+tanpa NPK sebesar 54,56%.

Nitrogen efficiency largely depends on the fit between plant demand and quantity of N released from applied N (mineral or organic sources ). Balance Fertilization is key to improve the efficiency of fertilizer to fulfill the crop nutrient needs. This study aims to determine the effect of cow manure, granuled organic and NPK fertilizer on N efficiency of Inceptisol paddy soil. This research conducted in May-November 2013 at the Greenhouse and Laboratory of Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. The Soil Analysis included the soil pH, soil EC, soil organic carbon , inorganic N, and total N, as well as the analysis of N compound and N uptake of plants. The treatments in this research are 0 tons/ha of cow manure + 0 kg/ha NPK, 0 tons/ha of cow manure + NPK fertilizer, 15 tons/ha of cow manure + without NPK, 15 ton/ha cow manure + NPK, 7,5 tons/ha of cow manure + without NPK, 7,5 tons/ha of cow manure + NPK fertilizer, 16,5 tons/ha of Petroganik + without NPK, 165 tons/ha + NPK of Petroganik, 8,25 tons/ha of Petroganik + without NPK, 8,25 tons/ha + NPK Petroganik, 12,6 tons/ha of Cakra + without NPK, 12,6 tons/ha of Cakra + NPK, 6,3 tons / ha of Cakra + without NPK and 6,3 tons/ha of Cakra + NPK . The results of the research shows that the application of the treatmens gave significantly different in terms of soil pH, organic carbon, total N, total N compound and N uptake of plants. The most optimum efficiency of nitrogen uptake is in the treatment of 15 tons/ha of cow manure without NPK at 54,56%.

Kata Kunci : efisiensi nitrogen, NPK, padi, pupuk organik.