AKTIVITAS ASAP CAIR TEMPURUNG KELAPA SEBAGAI INSEKTISIDA

ARIK ARDIANSYAH, Prof. Dr. Ir. F. X. Wagiman, S. U.

2014 | Skripsi | ILMU HAMA & PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN

Kajian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui toksisitas asap cair tempurung kelapa terhadap N. lugens dan dampaknya terhadap bibit padi. Metode yang dipakai ialah efikasi di bawah kondisi laboratorium. Pertama dilakukan uji pendahuluan yakni perlakuan asap cair 100%, dibandingkan dengan insektisida kimia, dan akuades. Selanjutnya asap cair dibuat delapan seri konsentrasi yakni 0%, 1,56%, 3,125%, 6,25%, 12,5%, 25%, 50%, 100%. Setiap konsentrasi memerlukan 20 ekor nimfa instar tiga, ulangan tiga kali. Asap cair tempurung kelapa dipaparkan terhadap serangga uji secara langsung dan tidak langsung. Mortalitas serangga uji diamati pada jam ke 24, 48, 72 setelah aplikasi dan data mortalitas digunakan untuk analisis LC50. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa asap cair tempurung kelapa terbukti sangat beracun terhadap N. lugens dan bersifat fitotoksik terhadap bibit padi pada pH 1,83 dengan konsentrasi 6,25% dan pada pH 6,33 dengan konsentrasi 25%. Nilai LC50 asap cair tempurung kelapa pada 24, 48, dan 72 jam setelah aplikasi terhadap N. lugens dengan pH 1,2 yang dipaparkan secara langsung berturut-turut 24,77%, 16,36, 9,75%, dan yang tidak langsung 32,75%, 22,84%, 18,63%, serta dengan pH 6,46 yang dipaparkan secara langsug berturut-turut 11,94%, 10,73%, 9,94%, dan yang tidak langsung 36,36%, 27,99%, 26,15%.

This study aimed to determine the toxicity liquid smoke of coconut shell to N. lugens and its impact on rice seedlings. The method used was the efficacy under laboratory conditions. Firstly preliminary test of 100% liquid smoke to N. lugens was compared with chemical insecticides, and distilled water. Secondly, liquid smoke was made to be eight series of concentration namely 0, 1.56, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100%. The tretment of eight concentration rates was repeated three times. Each concentration requires 20 third instar-nymphs, replicates three times. The liquid smoke of coconut shell were exposed to test insects directly and indirectly. Mortality of test insect was observed at 24, 48, 72 hours after application and the mortality data were used for analysis of LC50. The results of the study showed that liquid smoke of coconut shell proven highly toxic to N. lugens and phytotoxic against rice seedlings at pH 1.83 with a concentration of 6.25% and at a pH of 6.33 with a concentration of 25%. LC50 value of the liquid smoke of coconut shell at 24, 48, and 72 hours after application against N. lugens on direct exposure to pH 1.2 were 24.77, 16.36, 9.75% respectively, and on indirectly 32.75%, 22.84%, 18.63%, and on direct exposure to pH 6.46 were 11.94, 10.73, 9.94%, and on indirectly exposure were 36.36, 27.99, 26.15% respectively.

Kata Kunci : Asap cair tempurung kelapa, Nilaparvata lugens, padi