KAJIAN PARASIT Gyrodactylus sp. PADA LELE DUMBO (Clarias sp.)

M GIGIH SATRIYO A, Dr. Ir. Murwantoko, M.Si.

2013 | Skripsi | BUDIDAYA PERIKANAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik parasit Gyrodactylus sp., prevalensi insidensi, penularannya terhadap beberapa spesies ikan, pengendalian hayati serta pengobatan dengan NaCl. Karakteristik parasit Gyrodactylus sp. dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan mengamati infeksi alami. Prevalensi dan insidensi dilakukan dengan pengamatan dari 6 (enam) daerah pembenihan dan pembesaran lele dumbo disekitar DIY dan dianalisis dengan ANOVA. Penularan, pengendalian hayati, dan pengobatan dilakukan di laboratorium dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dan dianalisis dengan ANOVA. Perlakuan pada penularan berupa kohabitasi benih lele yang terinfeksi dengan ikan mini guppy, ikan synspilum, ikan gurame, ikan nila, dan ikan mas. Perlakuan pada pengendalian hayati berupa penambahan ikan mini guppy, ikan synspilum, dan ikan mas pada pemeliharaan benih lele dumbo. Sedangkan perlakuan pengobatan berupa dosis NaCl sebesar 0; 0,5; 1; 1,5; 2 % dalam bentuk perendaman selama 10-60 menit. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan kejadian infeksi Gyrodactylus sp. hanya terjadi di Desa Sumberagung, Kecamatan Moyudan, Kabupaten Sleman dengan prevalensi 78,03% dan insidensi 1,90 parasit/individu. Parasit ini berbentuk agak melonjong dan menyerang pada bagian kepala, sirip dada, bukaan insang, sungut, tubuh, sirip ventral, sirip dorsal, dan sirip ekor. Gyrodactylus sp. tidak menginfeksi pada ikan mini guppy, ikan synspilum, ikan mas, ikan gurame, dan ikan nila. Diperkirakan parasit Gyrodactylus sp. memiliki inang yang spesifik. Ikan mini guppy dapat digunakan dalam pengendalian hayati Gyrodactylus sp. pada benih lele. Dosis NaCl paling efektif untuk mengurangi serangan Gyrodactylus sp. pada benih lele adalah 2%.

The aim of this research were to determine characteristic of parasite Gyrodactylus sp., prevalence incidence, spreading infection to several of fish species, biological control, and also effectiveness of chemotherapy with NaCl. The characteristic of Gyrodactylus sp. was analyzed on descriptive from natural infection. Observation of prevalence and incidence were performed from 6 (six) location nursing and growing ponds around DIY and were analyzed using ANOVA. Infection of Gyrodactylus sp., employing of biological control, and treatment with NaCl were conducted at laboratory of Fish Disease under completely randomized design (CRD) and was analyzed using ANOVA. Infection of Gyrodactylus sp. was performed by cohabitation of infected catfish juvenile with mini guppy, synspilum, gourami, tilapia, carp fishes. Employing of biological control were conducted by addition mini guppy, synspilum, and carp fishes into catfish juvenile rearing tanks. The control with NaCl was done with immersion at dose 0; 0,5; 1; 1,5; 2 % for 10-60 minutes. The results showed that Gyrodactylus sp. only infected at growing ponds at Sumberagung, Moyudan-Sleman with 78,03% prevalence and 1,90 parasite/individual incidence. The body shape of Gyrodactylus sp. was oval and infect the head, pectoral fin, operculum, barbulae, ventral fin, dorsal fin, also caudal of catfish juvenile. Gyrodactylus sp. could not infect mini guppy, synspilum, and carp fishes. It concluded that parasite Gyrodactylus sp. has a specific host. Mini guppy fish was expected can be used as a biological control of Gyrodactylus sp. on catfish juvenile. NaCl at dose 2% was effective to Gyrodactylus sp. from catfish juvenile.

Kata Kunci : Dosis NaCl, Gyrodactylus sp., kajian penyakit, pengendalian hayati, prevalensi dan insidensi.