PEMBUATAN H/AlMCM-41, Ni/AlMCM-41 DAN H/BENTONIT UNTUK KATALIS PERENGKAHAN MINYAK JARAK PAGAR

DINA SEPTIANI, Prof. Dr. Iip Izul Falah.

2013 | Skripsi | KIMIA

Telah dilakukan pembuatan katalis H/AlMCM-41, Ni/AlMCM-41 dan H/bentonit untuk perengkahan jatropha curcas oil menghasilkan biofuel. Penelitian meliputi preparasi katalis, karakterisasi katalis dan uji aktifitas katalitik menggunakan jatropha curcas oil. Pembuatan AlMCM-41 dilakukan dengan melarutkan CTAB dalam akuades dan ditambahkan TMAOH, K2SO4, natrium silikat, natrium aluminat dan H2SO4. Larutan dikristalisasi pada suhu 100 oC selama 24 jam dan dikalsinasi pada suhu 540 oC selama 6 jam. Hasil sintesis AlMCM-41 dikarakterisasi dengan XRD, FT-IR, TEM dan BET. H/AlMCM-41 diperoleh dari perendaman AlMCM-41 dalam NH4Cl 0,5 M dan Ni/AlMCM-41 diperoleh dari perendaman AlMCM-41 dalam NiCl2 0,1 M. H/bentonit diperoleh dari perendaman bentonit dalam HCl. Bentonit dikarakterisasi dengan XRD dan FT-IR. Perengkahan dalam reaktor menggunakan suhu 400 oC dengan perbandingan antara katalis dengan umpan adalah 1:50. Produk dianalisis dengan GC-MS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan AlMCM-41 mempunyai luas permukaan 964,7 m2/g, diameter pori 3,04 nm, volume pori 0,6 cc/g dan parameter kisi 4,5 nm. Karakterisasi dengan difraksi sinar X menunjukkan bahwa AlMCM-41 yang terbentuk memiliki kristalinitas tinggi. Hasil perengkahan merupakan 2 lapis cairan, lapisan bawah berupa air mengandung asam dan lapisan atas terdiri dari 43,47% fraksi bensin dan 36,99% fraksi diesel.

Preparation of catalysts H/AlMCM-41, Ni/AlMCM-41 and H/bentonit for jatropha curcas oil cracking to produce biofuel have been conducted. The research consist of catalysts preparation, catalysts characterization and catalytic activity test by using jatropha curcas oil. Preparation AlMCM-41 was done by dissolving CTAB in distilled water and then TMAOH, K2SO4, sodium silicate, sodium aluminate and H2SO4 were added. The solution was crystallized at 100 oC for 24 hours and calcination at 540 oC for 6 hours. The results of synthesis AlMCM-41 was characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TEM and BET. H/AlMCM-41 was obtained from the immersion of AlMCM-41 in 0.5 M NH4Cl and Ni/AlMCM-41 was obtained from the immersion of AlMCM-41 in 0.1 M NiCl2. H/bentonite was obtained from immersion of bentonite in HCl. H/bentonite was characterized by XRD and FT-IR. Cracking of jatropha curcas oil was done in a reactor at 400 oC with ratio catalysts to feed were 1:50. The products were analyzed by GC-MS. The research product of AlMCM-41 had 964.7 m2/g of surface area, 3.04 nm of pore size, 0.6 cc/g of pore volume and 4.5 nm of lattice parameter. Characterization by x-ray diffraction showed that AlMCM-41 had high crystallinity. Result of cracking had 2 layers of liquid, the lower layer was water contained acid and upper layer consisted of 43.47% of gasoline fraction and 36.99% of diesel fraction.

Kata Kunci : Katalis, MCM-41, Bentonit, Perengkahan katalitik.