TINGKAH LAKU INDUK SAPI PERANAKAN ONGOLE DAN SAPI PERSILANGAN PERANAKAN ONGOLE DI VILLAGE BREEDING CENTRE KECAMATAN MOYUDAN SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA

ISTIKA SRI HANDAYANI, Ir. I Gede Suparta Budisatria, M.Sc.,Ph.D.

2014 | Skripsi | ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkah laku sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO) dan sapi persilangan PO. Penelitian menggunakan 4 ekor sapi PO, 4 ekor sapi SimPO, dan 2 ekor sapi LimPO yang sedang dalam kondisi laktasi kurang dari empat bulan. Metode yang digunakan adalah pengamatan langsung pada ternak pada bulan I, II, dan III. Setiap bulan ternak diamati selama 3 hari. Data yang diamati meliputi frekuensi makan, frekuensi ruminasi, frekuensi duduk, frekuensi berdiri, frekuensi urinasi, frekuensi defekasi, lama makan, lama ruminasi, lama duduk, dan lama berdiri. Data tingkah laku ketiga bangsa sapi dalam bulan I sampai III di analisis dengan menggunakan analisis variansi pola faktorial 3 x 3 dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu bulan I sampai III tidak berbeda nyata, sedangkan kelembaban berbeda nyata (P≤0,05) . Tingkah laku induk sapi PO dan persilangan PO berbeda nyata (P≤0,05). Perbedaan nyata terlihat pada lama makan (PO 4,38±0,44 jam/hari, SimPO 3,50±0,040 jam/hari; LimPO 3,58±0,32 jam/hari), lama ruminasi (PO 5,01±0,50 jam/hari; SimPO 4,78±0,35 jam/hari; LimPO 5,59±0,92 jam/hari), lama duduk (PO 5,94±0,48 jam/hari; SimPO 6,87±0,57 jam/hari; LimPO 6,25±0,47 jam/hari), frekuensi berdiri (PO 9,97±1,32 kali/hari; SimPO 9,11±1,28 kali/hari; LimPO 11,11±1,34 jam/hari), frekuensi urinasi (PO 7,83±0,66 kali/hari; SimPO 8,50±1,09 kali/hari; LimPO 10,16±0,18 kali/hari), dan frekuensi defekasi (PO 9,00±1,08 kali/hari; SimPO 9,33±0,60 kali/hari; LimPO 10,56±1,26 kali/hari). Disimpulkan bahwa sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO), Simmental Peranakan Ongole (SimPO), dan sapi Limousin Peranakan Ongole (LimPO) memiliki tingkah laku yang berbeda, terutama pada lama makan, lama ruminasi, lama duduk, frekuensi berdiri, frekuensi urinasi dan frekuensi defekasi. Sapi LimPO mempunyai waktu ruminasi terlama serta frekuensi berdiri, frekuensi urinasi dan frekuensi defekasi yang paling sering dibandingkan dengan bangsa sapi PO dan SimPO.

The objective of the study was to determine the behavior of Ongole Grade and Ongole CrossGrade cows. The materials of the research was consisted of four head of Ongole Grade cows, four head Simmental Ongole CrossGrade cows, and 2 head of Limousin Ongole CrossGrade cows. Direct observation of cattle was used to collect all data required. The observation was done in the first, second, and third months, respectively. The cows were observed for 3 days. The data observed were consisted of feeding, ruminating, laying, standing, urinating and defecating frequencies, duration of eating, ruminating, laying and and standing. Behavior of the cows and time of observation (month) was analysed using factorial analysis of variance 3x3, continued by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) for significant differences. The results showed that environmental temperature at the first, second, and third month were not significantly differ, but the humidity were differ. The behavior of Ongole Grade and Ongole CrossGrade cows were significantly differs (P ≤ 0.05), mainly for feeding (PO 4.38±0.44 hours/day, SimPO 3.50±0.040 hours/day, LimPO 3.58±0.32 hours/day), ruminating (PO 5.01±0.50 hours/day, SimPO 4.78±0.35 hours/day, LimPO 5.59±0.92 hours/day), and laying duration (PO 5.94±0.48 hours/day, SimPO 6.87±0.57 hours/day, LimPO 6.25±0.47 hours/day), significant differences were also found on the frequency of standing (PO 9.97±1.32 times/day, SimPO 9.11±1.28 times/hari, LimPO 11.11±1.34 times/day), urinating (PO 7.83±0.66 kali/hari, SimPO 8.50±1.09 kali/hari, LimPO 10.16±0.18 kali/hari) and defecating (PO 9.00±1.08 times/day; SimPO 9.33±0.60 times/day; LimPO 10.56±1.26 times/day). It is concluded that Ongole Grade and Ongole CrossGrade cows had different behavior in particular on the duration of feeding, ruminating, laying, as well as the frequency of standing, urination and defecation. LimPO cows had the longest ruminating duration and most frequent on urination and defecation compared to Ongole Grade and SimPO cows.

Kata Kunci : Tingkah laku, Induk, Peranakan Ongole, Persilangan Peranakan Ongole, Sleman.