HUBUNGAN PRAKTEK KESELAMATAN PASIEN PADA TINDAKAN PEMBEDAHAN DENGAN SURGICAL SAFETY CHECKLIST WHO TERHADAP LUARAN KLINIS DI RSUD MUNTILAN KABUPATEN MAGELANG
Yuniar, Prof. dr. Adi Utarini, M.Sc.,MPH, Ph.D.
2013 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan MasyarakatLatar belakang: Jumlah tindakan pembedahan di dunia sangat besar, hampir dua kali lipat melebihi angka kelahiran per tahun. Tingginya angka komplikasi dan kematian akibat pembedahan seharusnya menjadi perhatian kesehatan global. Kejadian tidak diinginkan pasca pembedahan di rumah sakit hampir separuhnya dapat dicegah. World Health Organization memperkenalkan surgical safety checklist yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keselamatan pasien serta menurunkan komplikasi dan kematian karena tindakan pembedahan. Tujuan: mengukur hubungan praktek keselamatan pasien dengan SSC WHO terhadap kejadian luaran klinis pasca tindakan pembedahan. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan kohort prospektif. Subyek penelitian ini adalah semua yang dilakukan tindakan pembedahan mayor pada periode bulan April sampai Juni 2013 di Instalasi Bedah Sentral RSUD Muntilan Kabupaten Magelang. Observasi dilakukan dengan instrumen surgical safety checklist WHO dan penilaian luaran klinis sampai 30 hari pasca tindakan pembedahan. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan pendekatan univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Hasil dan pembahasan: Komplikasi terjadi pada 32 subyek (12,5%), komplikasi terbanyak adalah infeksi luka operasi 27 subyek (10,5%). Hasil analisis multivariat pada faktor pembedahan didapatkan faktor yang berhubungan secara bermakna untuk terjadinya luaran klinis yaitu lamanya dirawat di rumah sakit (RR=3,98; 95%CI: 1,78-8,89585) (p=0,001). Pada analisis multivariat pada tindakan SSC, subyek yang tidak mendapatkan antibiotik profilaksis sebelum pembedahan secara bermakna memiliki risiko 2,59 kali untuk terjadinya ILO dibandingkan subyek yang mendapat antibiotik profilaksis (RR=2,59; 95%CI: 1,06-6,28) (p=0,036). Kesimpulan dan saran: ada hubungan antara praktek tindakan pembedahan dengan surgical safety checklist WHO dengan terjadinya luaran klinis infeksi luka operasi. Perlu dilakukan implementasi surgical safety checklist WHO pada setiap tindakan pembedahan di rumah sakit.
Background: The number of surgery in the world is very large, almost double exceeds the birth rate per year. The high rate of complications and death due to surgery was supposed to be a global health concern. The incidence of undesirable post-surgical hospital almost half are preventable. The World Health Organization to introduce surgical safety checklist that aims to improve patient safety and decrease complications and death due to surgery. Objective: measure the relationship of patient safety practices by WHO surgical safety checklist on the incidence of clinical outcomes post surgery. Method: This type of research is an observational prospective longitudinal research design. The subjects of this study is all performed major surgery in the period April to June 2013 in the Central Surgical Installation Muntilan Hospital Magelang District. The observation done with instruments WHO surgical safety checklist and assessment of clinical outcomes up to 30 days post surgery. The data were analyzed with the approach of univariate, bivariate and multivariate. Results and Discussion: Complications occurred in 32 subjects (12.5%), the most complications is surgical site infection (SSI) 27 subjects (10.5%). The Result of multivariate analysis on factors surgery obtained factors were significantly related to the occurrence of clinical outcomes that length of stay in hospital (RR = 3.98, 95% CI: 1.78 to 8.89585) (p = 0.001). On multivariate analysis on SSC, subjects who did not receive prophylactic antibiotics before surgery has a significant risk of 2.59 times compared to the SSI subjects who received antibiotic prophylaxis (RR = 2.59, 95% CI: 1.06 to 6.28) (p = 0.036). Conclusion and Recommendation: there is a relationship between the practice of surgery with the WHO surgical safety checklist with the clinical outcomes of surgical site infection. Need to do the implementation of WHO surgical safety checklist on any of surgery in the hospital.
Kata Kunci : keselamatan pasien, surgical safety checklist WHO , luaran klinis, patient safety, WHO surgical safety checklist, clinical outcomes