PERILAKU MENCUCI TANGAN DAN KEJADIAN KECACINGAN PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KECAMATAN PETANAHAN KABUPATEN KEBUMEN

Siti Muthoharoh, Prof. Dr. M. Hakimi, SpOG(K), Ph.D.

2013 | Tesis | S2 Kesehatan Masyarakat/KIA

Latar Belakang: Anak adalah investasi bangsa. Kualitas bangsa di masa depan ditentukan kualitas anak-anak saat ini. Prevalensi kecacingan di Indonesia cukup tinggi antara 60-80% dan terutama menyerang pada anak-anak sekolah dasar. Kecacingan dalam jangka panjang dapat menurunkan kesehatan sehingga mengganggu kemampuan belajar. Faktor risiko terjadinya penyakit kecacingan antara lain adalah sanitasi lingkungan yang buruk, tingkat pendidikan, kondisi sosial ekonomi, kebiasaan hidup sehat yang belum membudaya seperti kebiasaan buang air besar (BAB) sembarangan, kurangnya kesadaran melakukan cuci tangan, dan tidak memamaki alas kaki serta kondisi geografis. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan perilaku cuci tangan dengan kejadian penyakit kecacingan pada siswa sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Petanahan Kabupaten Kebumen. Metode: Jenis penelitian yang dilaksanakan adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang atau cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan Metode Klaster Dua Tingkat. Besar sampel adalah 213 siswa kelas 3, 4, dan 5 sekolah dasar yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan lembar kuesioner dan hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium. Uji hipotesis menggunakan chi-square dengan p < 0,05 dan Confidence Interval 95%. Analisis data menggunakan univariabel, bivariabel, dan multivariabel. Hasil: Ada hubungan perilaku cuci tangan dan kecacingan dilihat dari hasil bahwa perilaku siswi yang tidak cuci tangan kecacingan positif 66 siswa 59,46%, sedangkan perilaku siswi yang cuci tangan dengan kecacingan negatif 72 siswa 70,59%. Hasil uji statistik bermakna dilihat dari nilai p 0,0001 dan rasio prevalensi 2,02 (95% CI 1,44-2,83). Kesimpulan: Perilaku cuci tangan siswa Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Petanahan Kabupaten Kebumen 52,11% tidak cuci tangan. Terdapat hubungan antara perilaku cuci tangan dengan kecacingan pada siswa Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Petanahan Kabupaten Kebumen.

Background: Children are the nation’s investment. The future quality of a nation is determined in the children’s current quality. The prevalence of worm infestation in Indonesia is quite high between 60-80% and especially attacks on elementary school children. A long term worm infestation can reduce health that impairs the ability to learn. Risk factors of worm disease include poor environmental sanitation, education level, socio-economic conditions, and health habits such as bowel movement in any places, lack of awareness in hand washing, no footwear as well as geographical conditions. Objective: To know the relationship of hand washing behavior with the incidence of worm on elementary school students in Petanahan Sub-District Kebumen District. Methods: The research was observational analytic with a cross sectional design. Sampling was done with a two-level clustering method. The sample size was 213 elementary school students in Grades 3, 4, and 5 that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data was collected using a questionnaire and the results of laboratory tests. Hypothesis testing used chi-square with p <0.05 and 95% Confidence Interval. Data analysis used univariable, bivariable, and multivariable. Results: There was a relationship between worm infestation and hand washing behavior seen from the results that the students who did not wash their hands and were positive with worm infestation were 66 students or 59.46%, while the students that performed hand washing and were negative with worm infestation were 72 students or 70.59%. Statistical test result was significant seen from the p value of 0.0001 and the prevalence ratio of 2.02 (95% CI 1.44 to 2.83). Conclusion: Hand washing behavior on elementary school students of Petanahan District, Kebumen, showed that 52.11% of the students did not wash their hands. There was a relationship between hand washing and worm infestation on elementary school students of Petanahan Sub-District, Kebumen District.

Kata Kunci : perilaku mencuci tangan, kejadian kecacingan; hand washing behavior, the incidence of worm infestation