PENGARUH PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH INDUSTRI TEPUNG DAN BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT TERHADAP PEMBUATAN SILASE TOTAL CAMPURAN PAKAN SERAT

DIMAS HAND VIDYA PARADHIPTA, Prof. Ir. Zaenal Bachruddin, M.Sc., Ph.D.

2013 | Skripsi | ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai afinitas (Ks dan μmax) bakteri asam laktat (BAL) terhadap glukosa dan aplikasinya dalam penggunaan karbohidrat terlarut dari limbah industri tepung dalam peningkatan kualitas silase campuran jerami, rumput dan legum (silase total campuran pakan serat, STCPS). Penelitian ini terdiri dari 3 tahap. Penelitian I seleksi Lactobacillus terbaik diantara L. plantarum, L. bulgaricus, dan L. casei berdasarkan penentuan KS dan μmax dengan mengamati pertumbuhan BAL atas dasar bahan kering (BK) menggunakan media glukosa terbatas (defined medium), pemberian level glukosa 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, dan 0.1%. Penelitian II seleksi limbah industri tepung sebagai sumber karbohidrat terlarut berdasarkan nilai konversi karbohidrat terlarut menjadi asam laktat (Yp/s). Lactobacillus terbaik ditumbuhkan dalam defined medium dengan sumber susbtrat ekstrak ampok jagung (A), pollard (P), onggok (O), campuran ampok jagung dan pollard (AP), campuran ampok jagung dan onggok (AO), serta campuran pollard dan onggok (PO), dengan level pemberian 0.03%. Pertumbuhan produksi BK diamati hingga fase stationer kemudian diuji Yp/s. Penelitian III pengaruh penggunaan inokulan Lactobacillus dan limbah industri tepung terbaik berdasarkan nilai KS dan μmax pada silase total campuran serat. Pemberian inokulan 10% dan level substrat 0KS, 1xKS, dan 2xKS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan L. plantarum merupakan Lactobacillus terbaik dengan nilai KS terendah dan μmax tinggi, yaitu 3 mg/100mL dan 0,09/jam (P<0,05). Sumber substrat terbaik adalah AO dengan nilai Yp/s tertinggi, yaitu 14,13±1,872 mg/100mL (P<0,05). Secara umum kualitas fisik dan penurunan kualitas kimia tidak berbeda antar perlakuan. Perlakuan 2xKS menghasilkan pH dan asam laktat tertinggi (P<0,05), kemudian diuji degradasi dalam rumen secara in vitro menghasilkan nilai KcBK dan KcBO yang tidak berbeda nyata antara sebelum silase dan setelah silase. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan penambahan L. plantarum sebagai BAL terbaik dan penambahan campuran ampok jagung dan onggok sebanyak 2xKS memberikan peningkatan kualitas STCPS terbaik.

This research aims were to determine affinity values (KS and μmax) of lactic acid bacteria (BAL) to glucose and its application water soluble carbohydrates originated from flour industry waste to improve quality of mixed silage of hay, grass and legumes (total fiber mix silage, STCPS). This experiment consisted of three phases. First phase, selection of the best Lactobacillus among L. plantarum, L.bulgaricus, and L.casei based on the determination of KS and μmax by observing the growth of BAL based on dry matter (DM) using limited glucose medium (defined medium), with different levels of glucose (0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.1%). Second phase, selection of wastes from flour industry as a source of water soluble carbohydrate by determinate the conversion value of water soluble carbohydrate into lactic acid (Yp/s). The best Lactobacillus chosen from phase 1 was grown in a defined medium with substrate sources extract of corn hominy (A), wheat pollard (P), cassava waste (O), corn hominy and wheat pollard mixture (AP), corn hominy and cassava waste mixture (AO), cassava waste and wheat pollard mixture (PO), with the provision of 0.03%. The growth of DM production was observed until the stationary phase was reached, then tested for Yp/s. Third phase, was done to determine the effect of Lactobacillus inoculant and the best waste from flour industry based on KS and μmax in the total mix of silage fiber. The inoculant was given at level of 10% and substrate at level of 0KS, 1xKS, and 2xKS. The results showed that L. plantarum was the best Lactobacillus with the lowest KS and the highest μmax values (3 mg/100ml and 0,09/h, respectively; P<0,05). The best source of substrate was the AO with the highest of Yp/s value (14,13±1,872 mg/100ml; P<0,05). In generally, the were no significant differences on physical quality and nutrient content changes among treatments. The 2xKS treatment showed the highest pH and lactic acid production (P<0,05). However there was no significant difference was detected on KcBK and KcBO between samples pre-ensilage and post-ensilage. It can be concluded that L. plantarum was the best BAL and the addition of corn hominy and cassava waste mixture in silage at level of 2xKS resulted with the best STCPS quality improvement.

Kata Kunci : Bakteri asam laktat, Limbah industri tepung, Silase, Total campuran pakan serat.